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自行车怎么停

2017-08-27 15:05:46   中国青年网

听说前几天上海暂停了中心城区新增投放共享单车,有的城市也在研究跟进。之所以如此,大概和到处乱停的自行车不无关系。的确,越来越多的共享单车虽然方便了人们的出行,但如此多的自行车究竟该如何停放,也在困扰着城市管理者。看看这些奇思妙想,也许能对解决这个城市难题有所启示。

11米深的深井中密密麻麻但却有序地停着超过200辆自行车。这些自行车的存取都是全自动的,在这个深井中存放或是取出一辆自行车整个过程只要8秒钟。这是日本一家建筑设计公司为人口稠密、寸土寸金的东京设计的自行车地库,旨在为拥挤的城市提供一个更有效率的自行车停放方式,杜绝自行车的乱停乱放。这个全自动的自行车地库的存储空间建在地面之下,圆柱形的地库内是层层叠叠的机械停车位,一个这样的车库里可以停放200多辆自行车。自行车地库在地面的部分并不大,只有一个小型报刊亭大小。亭子有个小门,要想停放自行车,只要把自行车推进这个小门,里面的机械手会自动将自行车输送到地库中的空位上。要想使用自行车,这里面的机械手也会将自行车自动取出。

要说安置方便,这个自行车停放点儿的设计,在拥挤的城市中安放起来最便捷。设计师荣格设计的这个自行车停放点儿,外观像是个长方形的透明盒子。透明盒子所占的面积和一个普通轿车的停车位差不多,高度大约和一辆自行车的长度相仿,一个这样的透明盒子里面可以放置32辆自行车。透明盒子采用了模块化设计,一辆小货车可以将它带到城市的任一角落,只要有个停车位大小的地方,就可以放置下来成为一个独立的自行车停放点儿。另外,也可以将几个甚至更多这样的透明盒子拼在一起,根据城市里自行车停放的实际需要,在公共场所组成任一规模的自行车停放点儿。

自行车停在地下虽好,但建设成本高,而且要不是在公共场所建设初期就设计其中,后期再建也有些难度,所以自行车停车亭更适合在已建成的公共场所安置。日本设计师设计的这个自行车停车亭,其实就是自行车地库的倒置版本,将地下的停放设施放在了地面上,自行车停放和存取方式和那个自行车地库一样,但是由于建筑在地面,所有构件又都是标准化的,所以只要找块空地用不了一天时间就能建好。无独有偶,捷克设计师也想到了这个简单的自行车停放方式,设计了一个有着异曲同工之妙的七层全自动自行车停车亭。六角形的七层停车亭里面可以同时容纳117辆自行车,存取自行车整个过程不到半分钟。看看这见棱见角的透明建筑,是不是有些建筑大师贝聿铭的设计风格?

不管是自行车地库、自行车停车亭,还是模块化的自行车停放点儿,虽然占地不大,但也还是需要一定的空地才能实现的。这个自行车停放设施则不然,不需要空地,在已经没有多少空地的中心城区,靠现有建筑的外墙建成一个垂直自行车停车库。这个垂直自行车停车库实际上是个立起来的机械转盘,利用城市中现有建筑的外墙为依托,转盘的大小根据建筑外墙的高度来决定。高建筑的外墙上安放的机械转盘能放36辆自行车,一般的矮楼上安装的机械转盘也能容纳15辆自行车。在机械转盘最底端和地面连接处有个类似动感单车的脚踏装置,存取自行车都是靠这个脚踏装置完成的。有了这种机械转盘,没有一点儿空地的中心城区也不愁自行车没处放了。 卢文

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