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“最初的中国”什么样?

2017-08-25 08:36:42   中国青年网

位于巩义的双槐树遗址经文物部门发掘,已确定现存面积117万平方米,印证了五千多年前中国已有了早期的国家形态。⑨7本报记者聂冬晗摄

□本报记者温小娟

8月22日至24日,由中国考古学会主办的首届中国考古·郑州论坛在郑州举行,这是中国考古学界的一个常设高端学术论坛,旨在深入探讨中国考古学的重大专题学术研究,进一步推动中国考古学的发展。

这也是继首届中国考古学大会之后,中国考古学界又一学术盛会落户郑州。

考古专家热议“文明起源”

名家荟萃、思想汇聚、形式创新是本次论坛的最大看点。这次论坛主题是“区域互动与文明化进程”,汇聚了王巍、赵辉、陈星灿等国内考古界顶尖的专家学者,以及来自40多家高校及文博单位的100多位考古工作者。

论坛上集中介绍了包括河南舞阳张王庄仰韶文化遗址、良渚古城遗址、石峁遗址在内的13个重大史前考古项目近年的考古新发现,这些遗址的发掘,在史前史的研究中具有重要位置。同时,对于解决夏、商、周之前中国范围内文明是如何起源、生长、交织的这一学界热点问题至关重要。

专家们在交流过程中,时而犀利,时而幽默,思想碰撞亮点颇多。

“此次论坛创新形式,不再像以前那样作长篇累牍的学术报告,而是报告人分享最新考古发现和学术观点,大家就此提出问题,互动交流。”北大考古文博学院教授赵辉说,中国考古论坛就是要摸索一套适合中国国情的、能够呈现各种思想交锋的学术交流机制,不断提高中国考古学研究的水平。

中原是中国文明形成的中心

关于中国文明发源,因为考古学的屡屡突破,近百年来经过了多次“颠覆”阶段。中国社科院考古研究所所长陈星灿认为,国人的认识过程,从1921年至今近百年时间里,先后经历了四个阶段:20世纪20年代,中国文化西来说;20世纪30至40年代,仰韶文化向东、龙山文化向西发展的东西二元对立说;20世纪50至70年代,中原中心说;20世纪80年代以来,多元一体说。

陈星灿说,自20世纪50年代开始遍布全国的考古发现,逐渐证明至少在包括黄河流域、长江流域和北方地区在内的广大地区,存在着多个文化中心,各中心很早就存在互动,逐步形成交互作用圈,最终奠定了中国文明起源的基础。

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