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【社评】工伤保险动态调整 为职工权益兜底

2017-08-24 08:21:15   中国青年网

我们不愿看到工伤的发生,更不愿看到工伤职工权益得不到保障。事实上,工伤保险在保障工伤职工权益、分散企业风险、维护社会和谐稳定等方面都发挥了十分重要的作用。未来,它也将是诸多工伤职工的重要“依靠”。

近日,人力资源和社会保障部印发《关于工伤保险待遇调整和确定机制的指导意见》,对工伤保险待遇中的伤残津贴、供养亲属抚恤金、生活护理费及职工住院治疗工伤的伙食补助费进行了重点调整,引发社会关注。

这次调整是随着职工平均工资与生活费用发生变化的适时调整。其中,职工关心较为集中的是住院伙食补助费——为解决各地住院伙食补助费差异较大问题,同时将其控制在合理区间,上述意见规定,住院伙食补助费原则上不超过上年度省(区、市)城镇居民日人均消费支出额的40%。

社会保险是法律规定的劳动者享有的基本权利。有了社会保险,劳动者因年老、失业、患病、工伤、生育而减少收入时,就会得到基本的经济和医疗补偿,有一定的生活保障。工伤保险是其中一项重要内容。

2004年,我国《工伤保险条例》开始实施。2011年,新修订的《工伤保险条例》施行,明确要求各类用工企业都要依法为全部员工或雇工参加工伤保险,缴纳工伤保险费。工伤保险等于给工伤职工及其家庭进行了健康和生活的兜底。

事实上,此番调整不是工伤保险待遇的第一次调整,有关职工工伤保险和相关的费用标准一直处于动态的调整和完善中。

比如,2010年修订 《工伤保险条例》时, 将原来由用人单位支付的工伤职工“住院伙食补助费” “统筹地区以外就医的交通食宿费”以及“终止或解除劳动关系时的一次性医疗补助金”, 改由工伤保险基金统一支付——这正是考虑到以往由企业支付导致一些工伤职工“要钱难、吃饭难、看病难”,没能切实保障他们的权益;明确了计发标准,授权地方根据职工平均工资和生活费用变化等情况适时调整——尽管实践中也面临各地做法不一、标准自定、稳定性较差的问题,但这种适时调整的机制和趋势显然是值得肯定的。

值得注意的是,此番意见强调,工伤保险待遇调整和确定要与经济发展水平相适应,综合考虑职工工资增长、居民消费价格指数变化、工伤保险基金支付能力、相关社会保障待遇调整情况等因素,兼顾不同地区待遇差别,按照基金省级统筹要求,适度、稳步提升,实现待遇平衡。原则上每两年至少调整一次。这既是对动态调整的重申,又为今后工伤保险待遇的提高、发放提出了要求,明确了方向。

动态调整的必要性在当下不言而喻。比如,从工伤保险覆盖面而言,目前还未完全实现“应保尽保”,一些建筑工地、小微企业的职工工伤参保率不高;工伤保险待遇一定程度上存在着鉴定难、享受待遇难等;“互联网+”催生了新型劳动关系,如何将数目庞大的分享经济行业职工纳入工伤保险的参保范围等等。民生所需因势而变,社会保险政策也要适时而动、顺势而为。

发生工伤,对职工及其家庭来说显然是不幸的,尤其是一些比较严重的工伤。我们不愿看到工伤的发生,更不愿看到工伤职工的权益得不到保障。事实上,工伤保险在保障工伤职工权益、分散企业风险、维护社会和谐稳定等方面都发挥了十分重要的作用。未来,它也将是诸多工伤职工的重要“依靠”。

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