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文学阅读与成长

2017-08-23 07:31:37   中国青年网

肖复兴

在写作《读书知味》这本书的时候,我常想起自己阅读的经历。童年、少年和青春期的阅读,对于我的成长,曾经起到了非常重要的作用。那么,我个人的阅读经验,对于今天的孩子们,还能够起到同样的作用吗?

我自己买的第一本书,是杂志,是上海出版的《少年文艺》。那时,我上小学四年级。买到的那本《少年文艺》上,有美国作家马尔兹写的一篇小说,是《马戏团来到了镇上》,那篇小说令我印象深刻:小镇上第一次来了一个马戏团,两个来自农村的穷孩子从来没看过马戏,非常想看,却没有钱,他们赶到镇上,帮着马戏团搬运东西,才换来一张入场券。可晚上坐在看台上,当马戏演出的时候,他们却累得睡着了。

这是我读的第一篇外国小说,它没写复杂的事情,而是集中在一件小事上:两个孩子渴望看马戏却最终没有看成。这样的结局,让我讶异,它在我心中引起了莫名的惆怅,那种夹杂在美好与痛楚之间的忧郁的感觉,随着两个和我差不多大的孩子的睡着而弥漫开来。马尔兹可以说是我文学入门的第一位老师。

从那时候开始,我迷上了《少年文艺》,无论刮风下雨,都准时到国子监的图书馆借阅《少年文艺》的情景,至今记忆犹新。春天,国子监里杨柳依依,在春雨中拂动着鹅黄色枝条的样子,仿佛就在眼前。

少年时的阅读情怀,总是带着你难忘的心情和想象的,它对你的影响是一生的,是致命的。

就是在《少年文艺》的紧密阅读中,我认识了另一位作家——中国的儿童文学作家任大霖。他写的《打赌》和《渡口》,让我至今难以忘怀。现在想想,《打赌》和《渡口》同《马戏团来到镇上》一样,弥漫着的都是那样一丝淡淡的忧郁。我到现在还能记住当年读完《渡口》《打赌》时的情景:落日的黄昏,寂寥的大院,一丝带有惆怅的心绪,随晚雾与丁香轻轻飘散。我曾经将这两篇文章全文抄录在我的笔记本上,并推荐给我的好多同学看。时间过去了这么久,我依然可以完整地讲述这两个故事。

进入中学,我读的第一本书是《千家诗》。那是同学借给我的一本清末民初的线装书,每页有一幅木版插图,和那些所选的绝句相得益彰。第一首是那首有名的宋代绝句:“古木阴中系短篷,杖藜扶我过桥东。沾衣欲湿杏花雨,吹面不寒杨柳风。”我将一本书从头到尾都抄了下来,那是我古典文学的启蒙。我每天抄一首诗,揣在衣兜里,在上学的路上反复背诵,大街上车水马龙的喧嚣全都听不见了,只有这些古诗的音律,在我的心里回荡。

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