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美对华正式启动“301调查” 魏建国:谨防冷战思维回潮和贸易保护主义

2017-08-21 10:37:09   

中国日报8月21日电(记者 井水玉)美国近日宣布,正式对中国发起“301调查”。对此,贸易专家魏建国指出,中国不仅需要谨防美方使用单边主义行为取代世贸组织规则的意图,而且应该防止其可能导致“全球贸易衰退和贸易混乱”的冷战思维回潮。

北京时间8月19日上午,美贸易代表罗伯特·莱特希泽发表声明,将根据美国《1974年贸易法》第301条,在涉及技术转让、知识产权和创新领域对中国正式启动贸易调查。

该条款授权美国贸易代表可对他国不合理或不公平贸易做法发起调查,并可在调查结束后建议美国总统实施加征关税等单边制裁。自20世纪90年代中期世贸组织成立以来,这一条款在美国已被渐渐弃用。

“这释放的信号是,目前中美经贸关系正处于十字路口。”中国国际经济交流中心副理事长、商务部原副部长魏建国20日在接受中国日报专访时表示。

他指出,中国需要防止美方对两国关系立场可能出现的三个变化。

首先,需要防止美国以单边的贸易主义来取代多双边、全球的贸易规则。

其次,应该防止美国冷战思维的回潮。“美方企图将第301条应用在已经发生新形势变化下的双边贸易关系。这是危险的,” 魏建国强调:“因为冷战思维不仅会引发全球第一大经济体和第二大经济体之间的贸易战,导致两败俱伤,而且将引发全球贸易衰退和贸易混乱。”

再次,谨防美国贸易保护主义抬头。“未来几年,如果任由贸易保护主义发展,那中国面临的其他的不公正待遇将会越来越多。”

根据法律程序,在正式发起调查后,美国将首先与中国政府进行磋商,调查程序可能长达一年。

魏建国认为,既然美方发出这个信号,中国就必须及时给与足够重视。

他指出,中美经贸关系已经成为当前中美双边关系的压舱石和推进器,成为中美关系的纽带。每一次中美经贸关系的重大突破都是推动两国关系迈上一个新的台阶。因此,在中美这组当今最重要的双边关系中,经贸合作是最积极最持久的推动力量。

中美两国一直是“你中有我,我中有你”。魏建国举例说,2016年双边贸易额高达5243亿美金,相较1974年增长了209倍。中国已经成为美国除北美地区以外最大的出口市场,也是美国增长最快的出口市场之一。

魏建国强调,未来中美的经贸关系发展仍然是平稳向前的。

“中美之间拥有非常良好的沟通渠道。特别是习近平主席访问美国后,中美宣布建立四个高级别对话机制,其中包括全面经贸合作机制。关于这一全面经贸合作机制,双方已经通过百日计划进行了沟通。我相信美国政府也会使用这个机制对中美之间产生的一些贸易纠纷进行公证的、有效的化解。”

“我们不希望看到中美因一些事情影响了大局。中美的经贸关系发展仍然是平稳的、向前的。而且,我认为,双方会把蛋糕越做越大,问题也会一一地得到解决。”

(编辑:孙若男 潘一侨)

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