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美国开始封堵极右分子

2017-08-18 08:38:33   中国青年网

美国弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔12日发生骚乱,白人至上主义者和反对人士在市中心发生暴力冲突,造成多人伤亡。

联合国三位人权专家16日发表声明,对美国“有组织的憎恨和种族主义团体的扩散”深表关切,称美国须对国内种族主义和仇外心理的上升保持警惕。

明目张胆挥舞纳粹标识

美国“另类右翼”运动旗帜性人物理查德·斯潘塞如今名气更大了,随着弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔市白人至上主义游行演变成暴力冲突,斯潘塞开始成了“过街老鼠”。他原定14日在华盛顿特区召开新闻发布会,先后在两家酒店预订场地,又两度被迫取消。

弗州事件再次给美国主流社会敲响警钟:这个国家的极端右翼分子一段时间以来以“言论自由”为名煽动种族仇恨、把“反人权”涂抹成“反建制”,已经悄悄从社会边缘渗透进主流政治,以至于他们敢于明目张胆叫嚣种族主义主张、挥舞纳粹标识。如今封堵还来得及吗?

美国伊利诺伊州最先行动,州参议院于13日通过决议,要求当地警方将新纳粹团体按“恐怖组织”处理。

支持这项举措的州参议员唐·哈蒙说:“对于夏洛茨维尔市那些白人种族主义者和新纳粹组织展示的仇恨、偏执与暴力倾向,我们必须旗帜鲜明地表示反对。他们是3K党和纳粹的继承人,为了反对这类意识形态,我们已经打了两场血腥战争,今天我们仍要坚持与这些扭曲的信仰作斗争。”

得克萨斯农业与机械大学14日声明,取消原定于9月11日在该校举行的“白人性命有所谓”集会。斯潘塞为集会主讲嘉宾。这所大学此前以捍卫“言论自由权”为由拒绝取消,但集会组织者维金顿在集会宣传通稿中公然宣扬“今日夏洛茨维尔,明日得州农机大”,大学最终顶不住舆论压力。

新时期种族主义借网络传播嚣张

不同于美国南北战争时期3K党的秘密集会,新时期的种族主义思想通过网络得到更广泛传播,而在“言论自由”大旗下,这种传播嚣张,有隐蔽性。民权组织“反诽谤联盟”成员格林布拉特说:“50年前,这些人在焚烧十字架,今天则在推特上造反。”

互联网大咖也有了动作。GoDaddy和谷歌两大域名注册服务商以“违反公司服务条款”为由,封了新纳粹宣传阵地“前锋日报网”的注册域名。这家网站取名自纳粹德国时期臭名昭著的反犹太宣传刊物《前锋报》,素有“美国头号仇恨网站”之名,参与组织了弗州白人至上主义游行。

在弗州事件中,一辆车突然快速冲向抗议白人至上主义者的人群,撞死了一名女子。前锋日报网随后竟然发表恶毒攻击受害者的文章,引发众怒。它在13日接到其原来的域名服务商Godaddy下的最后通牒:24小时内必须挪地,否则停止服务。它随后转向谷歌,后者14日撤销了它的注册。

没有人统计过前锋日报网的访问流量,可以肯定的是它吸引了某个受众群体,其中包括2015年6月在南卡罗来纳州教堂射杀黑人教徒的迪伦·鲁夫,还有去年6月枪杀“留欧派”英国女议员乔·考克斯的凶手。

目前为止,斯潘塞之流并未因为“煽动种族仇恨”受到任何司法追究。美其名曰“另类右翼”的种族主义、排外主义、白人至上主义思潮,在美国重振旗鼓。除了前锋日报网,还有多个表达渠道,比如特朗普重要军师班农创立的布赖特巴特新闻网。

美国美利坚大学国际关系学院教授赵全胜说,虽然弗州事件映射白人至上主义重新抬头,美国还不至于回到3K党猖獗时代。弗州事件是否会成为美国停止纵容极右思想传播的政策“分水岭”,还要看政府的态度。 (新华社专特稿)

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