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勤廉知县刘德熙
2017-08-21 09:56:51 中国青年网
刘德熙,江西长宁县(今寻乌县)人,自幼聪慧勤奋,才识博达。清道光十三年(1833年),他参加殿试,以第三甲第三十三名及第,考入翰林院为庶吉士,奉命留朝整理、补抄《四库全书》,其后到湖南临湘、耒阳县任知县。
刘德熙生性通达,每到任一县,都能勤政爱民、公正断案、兴利除弊,为当地民众所拥戴。
刘德熙十分重视教育对地方发展的作用。道光二十三年(1843年),他刚到临湘时,见当地陋习盛行,便决心“兴学办教以革陋除弊”。他筹资在临湘县里办了十所免费学校,挑选本县十名品行端正的儒生到学校去担任教师。办学期间,他还经常用自己的俸禄聘请有名望的先生为寒门子弟授课,以提高教育质量,拓宽学生视野。为了进一步强化老师们的责任心,每个月他都亲自到各学校,对老师的教学情况和学生成绩进行“评骘精允”。办学期间,他不但自己“不受一钱”,还要求各个学校也要做到廉洁办学,学校凡收到学生拜见老师的礼物或其他费用,全都作为养廉银捐到县衙,以贴补困难学子之日用,让更多的乡村孩童能够上得起学。两年后,刘德熙调任耒阳县知县时,临湘县士民都万分不舍,他的事迹代代传颂,士民“至今思之”。
在耒阳县,刘德熙除了采取革陋习、禁妖巫、兴教育等方法治理县邑,还特别关注大众生计,倡导“以农为本、以农兴县”。在任期间,他躬亲力行,经常下到乡村调研,劝勉百姓要重视农业生产,甚至挽起裤脚,亲自参与农事活动。为了更好地发展农业,刘德熙还动员全县民众广泛种植树木,保护泉水源头;带领民众深挖水渠,广溉良田;帮助各乡开凿池塘,养鱼储水,以备天旱之需。为发展农业、治理水患,刘德熙还专门撰写了一部《浚塞负郭水道说》,提出了治理水患比较完整的方案,载入《艺文志》,为后人所推重。
刘德熙为官两任,两县均呈现出一片“和顺而富足”的景象。然而,他自己的日子却过得十分清贫。道光二十八年(1848年),刘德熙在耒阳因病离世,人们在整理他的遗物时发现,他家余存的俸钱不到三十贯,连一具棺木都买不起,无法入殓。城中的百姓得知这个消息都无比感叹,纷纷捐钱为他办理丧事,扶柩还乡之日,哭着“焚香祖饯”的人挤满了道路。(胡丹芳)
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