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网约车监管应避免“空心化”(短评)

2017-08-21 04:21:25   中国青年网

新华社发

笔者是个“用车大户”,经常打车出行。但对于网约车,除了在其发展初期“红包大战”时用得比较多之外,现在越来越倾向于乘坐传统出租车了。什么原因呢?因为被网约车“坑”得不浅。

好几次出差去机场,网约车司机要么不认识路、转了半天找不到乘客;要么不熟悉路况、开进拥堵路段半天动弹不得,最后导致笔者误了航班,乱了行程。

笔者的经历不是孤例,最近一段时间,朋友圈里、社交媒体上对网约车服务的抱怨越来越多。有同事下夜班后用网约车软件叫车回家,订单中显示的司机明明是一名青年女性,结果车来了,驾驶座上是位“大叔”,车型、车牌号也都对不上。定睛一看,车辆还并非北京牌照。乘客提出质疑,司机答曰,注册的车辆送修了,临时用这辆车来接单。类似的遭遇不能不引起乘客的担忧。前段时间,甚至发生了某电竞选手与网约车司机发生争执,防卫中被砍断手筋的恶性事件。

针对网约车的监管要落到实处。百姓对出行的三大需求:安全、快捷、舒适,单靠网约车平台的自我监督难以实现。出租车行业市场潜力很大,进入行业的企业越来越多,运营出现一些问题在所难免。政府和企业应该联手逐步解决问题,而不是为私利暗斗“找茬”,坐视小问题演变成大问题。

正是去年的这个时候,各地政府出台一系列监管细则,网约车终于合法运营。这本应是网约车规范发展的新起点,但现实似乎并不乐观,不少“地方版”新政落地遭遇困难。北京、天津等地的某些网约车平台仍在向不合规车辆和司机派单,上海、深圳某些网约车平台为维护自身利益,拒绝向监管部门提供实时数据,乘客安全、道路顺畅度都受到了影响。即使有些已接入数据,也缺少支付信息、服务机构信息、运价信息、车辆保险信息等,甚至已有数据中还存在造假。网约车平台何以这么“硬气”,敢冲撞政策底线?

这恐怕是因为目前监管部门对网约车平台公司违规行为的处罚手段和力度都很有限。由于还在摸索阶段,多地对于网约车平台的监管只有提法和要求,并没有具体化和细化,很多方面不具备可操作性。同时,相应的法律法规体系还没有完善,一些监管和处罚措施缺乏法律依据,“师出无名”当然没有约束力,最终导致政策落空。

网约车平台的商业模式决定了它需要吸引大量的司机提供服务,以提高自己的运营利润。可以理解,网约车平台需要不断扩张业务,但也必须承担随之而来的管理成本。支持创新不等于为所欲为,政府的规制必然会减缓业务量的成长,但“野蛮生长”的红利并不可持续,定会反噬消费者对市场的信心。网约车合法化已经1年多了,多地的出租车市场仍处于混战之后的休整期,无论是从行业稳定还是城市发展的角度,都亟需须建立规范,避免“空心化”的监管。

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