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专家探讨如何管好“熊孩子”:要关注孩子成长中的痛点和驱动点

2017-08-18 11:37:11   国际在线

国家关工委常务副主任武韬在论坛上致辞

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 李大勇):一年一度引领全球亲子文化发展趋势的“第四届国际亲子文化论坛”17日在悉尼大学开幕。来自中国、澳大利亚、新西兰等国多名教育专家,聚焦“多元文化下的亲子教育”。如何帮助儿童理解、欣赏、尊敬不同种族、语言和文化背景的人,使他们更好地适应当今社会变迁,这对于促进幼儿全面健康发展有着积极的意义。

本届论坛以“多元文化”为背景,探讨如何通过融合与创新的教育模式,帮助儿童成长,从而成为具备全球竞争力的世界公民。最近几年,中国孩子出国留学呈现低龄化的趋势,从之前的在国外读中学变为读小学甚至是幼儿园。多元文化教育拓展了孩子的视野,培养了他们的多重思维,也对教育工作者提出了更加严峻的挑战。

澳大利亚享誉国际的幼儿教育权威学者简·威廉姆斯博士,从科学层面系统、全面地说明了儿童需要足够的大脑刺激才能充分地开发大脑,发挥潜能。她强调,多元智能的创立改变了人类的基础教育方式。多元智能强调不同的智能要一视同仁,人的智能特点虽不一样,但都应该在充分展示自己智能的同时,将各类优势迁移到弱势智能领域当中去,使其得到更好的发展。不过,她也提醒家长们,在这个电脑时代,一定不要让孩子沉溺于电脑,那将无益于孩子专注度的提升,“孩子们静坐在电脑屏幕前,看着屏幕不断闪烁,其实并没有培养专注度。你知道么,孩子们看两个小时的屏幕,其实专心致志的时间也就12到18秒!”

来自新西兰奥克兰大学儿童研究和早期儿童教育方面的专家马立克·特萨,足迹遍及亚洲欠发达地区及欧美等教育发达国家,他认为,儿童应被视为能够自主选择、计划并勇于挑战自己的主动学习者,家长要营造友好的氛围,倾听孩子们的声音,观察他们的感受,鼓励他们为自己的学习作出贡献。有一点很重要,就是要尊重孩子,“孩子教育让我用一个词总结,那就是尊重。我们需要互相尊重,孩子们也需要家长的尊重,尊重他的权利,尊重他的角色和选择。”

科学育儿是一个具有普遍意义的世界性课题。然而时下很多育儿知识都是想当然,缺乏科学的态度,但育儿必须是科学的、严谨的。中国早期亲子教育专家、贝因美创始人谢宏,开创性地提出了“动力模型理论”。他的代表袁芳在论坛上指出,未来赢家的行为动力不仅需要本能驱动、利益驱动,同样也需要责任、使命驱动以及梦想、理想驱动,还需要信念、信仰驱动和情怀驱动。所以想要成为未来的赢家,必须要靠这六个驱动力的共同作用。此外,要培养孩子主观能动性,让孩子自己成就自己,“要关注孩子成长中的痛点和驱动点,他是自己想要成长呢,还是父母要他成长,还是社会家庭让他怎么做,怎么发展?这里面有一个非常重要的路径,就是怎么才能更快地变成孩子自我的一种内驱的自我成就。”

国际亲子文化论坛创办于2014年,由中国关心下一代工作委员会和浙江大学贝因美亲子文化研究中心共同发起,旨在增进世界各国教育工作者之间、教育工作者与亲子家庭之间的交流对话。

中国关心下一代工作委员会常务副主任、中国前驻澳大利亚大使武韬等出席活动。

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