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随意拆改承重墙影响房屋抗震性能

2017-08-18 05:21:44   中国青年网

房屋装修,不仅设计重要,建设过程也不得马虎。它直接关系着我们的日常居住安全。近日,有读者咨询:“装修也需要考虑防震吗?在家庭装修中我们应该注意哪些地方是不能乱碰乱建的。”

山西省室内装饰协会工作人员介绍,在装修过程中,承重墙是不能够随意拆改的。

承重墙指支撑着上部楼层重量的墙体,打掉会破坏整个建筑结构的墙;非承重墙是指不支撑着上部楼层重量的墙体,只起到把一个房间和另一个房间隔开的作用,有没有这堵墙对建筑结构没什么大的影响。而砸掉承重墙是及其危险的做法,尤其是在遇到地震的情况下,假如砸掉承重墙,将导致该楼的抗震性能减弱和负荷应力出现异常,如果此时发生八级地震,楼体很可能会发生整体坍塌。

除此之外,房屋墙体中的钢筋和梁柱也不能随意拆改。该工作人员介绍:“如果把房屋结构比作人的身体的话,墙体中的钢筋就是人的筋骨。如果在埋设管线时将钢筋破坏,就会影响墙体和楼板的承受力。而梁柱是用来支撑上层楼板的,拆掉后上层楼板就会掉下来,所以也不能动。”

有的业主习惯将房间与阳台之间的矮墙打掉,打造通透的整体感。其实这种做法也不正确。“墙上的门窗可以拆改,但矮墙是不能动的。这种墙一般都是‘配重墙’,它像秤砣一样起着挑起阳台的作用。拆改这堵墙,会使阳台的承重力下降,导致阳台下坠。”

装修过程中,天花吊顶也容易存在隐患威胁生命安全。业内人士建议在安装吊顶时,检查龙骨、钢钉、膨胀栓的质量,安装时注意必须每隔1米打一个膨胀栓固定。地震发生后,经过强烈摇晃,家具和灯具等产品容易出现松脱情况。所以震后检查家居产品牢固性十分必要,检查吊灯和壁灯的挂钩牢固情况,检查床、柜子、层架等是否牢固,有没有松脱的情况。为了保证美观与安全,建议大家选用一些既美观又轻巧的灯饰,保证安全的同时,又不失情调。

本报记者 张琪

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