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英文歌剧《红楼梦》里为何没有王熙凤?

2017-08-17 14:31:53   中国青年网

英文歌剧版《红楼梦》中的贾母和黛玉。

赖声川(中)开玩笑说,他们怎么弄都要被人骂的。新京报记者 郭延冰 摄

用英文唱歌剧《红楼梦》是什么样儿?9月8日,由盛宗亮作曲、赖声川导演的英文原版歌剧《红楼梦》将在北京保利剧院上演,集结了石倚洁、武赫、石琳等华人歌唱家。《红楼梦》全书有120回,400多个人物,将其浓缩为一台两个多小时的两幕歌剧,几乎是不可能完成的任务。该剧去年9月在美国旧金山首演时曾引起轰动,上座率达97%,不过也引起了一些红学家的争议,比如全剧中并无王熙凤出场。

导演赖声川在接受新京报专访时表示,这个问题一开始他也有疑惑,但是看过盛宗亮和黄哲伦的剧本后发现没有王熙凤就对了,这是一部写给世界看的歌剧,“我们中国人对《红楼梦》包袱太多了,也有太多情感上的东西。如果这也舍不得,那也舍不得,最终会变成一个七八个小时的东西。”

为何只保留7位主要人物?

旧金山歌剧院版《红楼梦》,首次以英文版歌剧形式将这部古典名著展现在西方舞台。全剧围绕灵石和仙草的神话展开,包括黛玉进贾府、太虚幻境、黛玉葬花、真假幻想,直至宝玉的出家与黛玉的死亡结束。

在人物设置上,主创团队保留了原著中的7位主要人物:贾宝玉、林黛玉、薛宝钗、贾母、王夫人、元妃和薛姨妈。此外,还出现了一位洞察全局的“戏外戏”讲述者老和尚。

早在2013年排话剧《如梦之梦》时,赖声川就收到了盛宗亮、黄哲伦的邀请,希望他来导演歌剧《红楼梦》。“这么伟大的一个作品要变成歌剧怎么弄?而且歌剧的节奏非常慢。所以我的第一个问题就问黄哲伦,如果真要弄,你是要弄20个小时,还是50个小时?他说不,就两个小时。然后他们提供了一个完整的策略,我也非常同意。基本上就是保留宝黛钗的爱情主线,删掉了非常多的东西,人物就保证七个。”

为何删掉王熙凤?

原著中,王熙凤是一个分量很重的人物,红学家比较有争议的点就是全剧中为何没有她?赖声川一开始也有疑惑,但看过盛宗亮和黄哲伦的剧本后,发现这样改对了,这是一部写给世界看的歌剧,“黄老师是全美最著名的一个华人剧作家,他不会说中文的,那他怎么来改编《红楼梦》?我觉得这反而能让他跳出来,用另外一种观点来看这个故事,怎么去删减才能说清楚。我们中国人看《红楼梦》包袱太多,也有太多情感上的东西,如果这也舍不得,那也舍不得,最终会变成一个七八个小时的东西。”

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