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我国医疗质量进步幅度全球第三

2017-08-16 04:25:51   中国青年网

本报北京8月15日讯 记者张红兵 记者从国家卫生计生委今天召开的媒体见面会上获悉,近年来,国家卫计委多措并举,不断加强医疗质量安全管理,提高科学化、规范化、精细化管理水平,我国医疗质量和医疗服务能力显著提升。

据国家卫计委医政医管局副局长郭艳红介绍,2017年5月,国际知名期刊《柳叶刀》发表了医疗质量和可及性全球排名。研究显示,全球195个国家和地区医疗质量排名中,我国是医疗质量进步幅度最大的国家之一,医疗质量和可及性指数从1990年的49.5提升至2015年的74.2(全球平均指数53.7),排名从110位提高到第60位,进步幅度位居全球第3位。

研究显示,我国国内区域间医疗服务质量的差距由1990年的6.7缩小到2015年的1.2,而2015年全球区域间医疗服务质量的差距为20.1。这说明我国医疗质量不断提高的同时,同质化程度也在提高。

据郭艳红介绍,2016年,全国医疗卫生机构总诊疗人数达79.3亿人次,较2015年增加2.4亿人次,增长约3.1%;住院人数2.27亿人次,较2105年增加1674万人次,增长约8%。医疗服务质量管理任务繁重。

郭艳红说,国家卫计委高度重视医疗质量管理,着力加强制度建设和体系建设,实现医疗服务和质量安全持续改进与提升。其中,在加强顶层设计和法治保障方面,2016年,国家卫计委颁布施行《医疗质量管理办法》,对国家医疗质量管理相关制度进行了顶层设计,建立医疗机构医疗质量管理评估制度、医疗安全与风险管理制度和医疗质量安全核心制度体系。明确了医疗质量管理各项要求,以及卫生计生行政部门、医疗机构、社会组织在医疗质量管理中的责任、权利和义务,促进了医疗质量管理工作步入制度化、法治化管理的轨道。

在完善医疗质量标准体系建设方面,颁布实施了临床诊疗及医疗技术规范;制定医疗质量控制指标;实施临床路径管理;加强临床药事管理特别是抗菌药物管理。促进医疗质量管理从粗放式管理,向专业化、精细化的全程管理转变。

在推动医疗质量管理科学化方面,目前,国家卫计委已成立国家级质控中心36个,基本涵盖了临床主要专业,各省区市成立了相应的质控中心1200余个。

郭艳红介绍,通过多措并举,各级卫生计生行政部门、行业组织和医疗机构进一步建立完善医疗质量管理的长效工作机制,加强医疗质量持续改进,形成政府监管、机构自治、行业自律、社会监督的多元共治新格局。

郭艳红说,在各方共同努力下,我国医疗服务效率不断提升,服务能力显著增强,医疗质量安全稳步提升,医疗服务能力明显增强。手术麻醉从子宫内胎儿、新生儿到百岁老人均可以做,解决了以前“不敢”“不能”的问题,且麻醉相关死亡率显著低于发展中国家的平均水平。

医疗服务的可及性明显提高。据不完全统计,省域内就诊率达到93%,县域内就诊率平均达到82.7%。50%左右的县医院能够开展颅脑肿瘤手术、颈椎手术等复杂手术,县医院入出院患者诊断符合率、手术前后诊断符合率、病理与临床诊断符合率均超过92%。

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