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安徽省检察长出庭抗诉一起民间借贷纠纷

2017-08-11 05:29:46   中国青年网

时间:2017年8月10日星期四

地点:安徽省高级人民法院第十法庭

目击者:本报记者 范天娇

“本案中存在两个受害者,一个是借钱难以收回的许某,一个是不知情也未将借款用于夫妻共同生活的马某,一个案件的法律适用既要保护债权人的利益,也要平衡其他当事人的利益。”今天,在安徽省高级人民法院第十法庭,安徽省人民检察院检察长薛江武出庭支持抗诉一起民间借贷纠纷案时说。该案由安徽省高院副院长徐致平担任审判长。

申诉人马某与被申诉人刘某原系夫妻关系,该案是由刘某向被申诉人许某借款而引发。

2013年7月至10月,时任某银行支行行长的刘某,从许某的卡上分三次汇给他人合计100万元,并分两次出具合计100万元的借条给许某。双方口头约定月利率2%,后由他人的卡汇给许某24.8万元。

刘某辩称,借款是事实,但该笔款是银行一个大客户找自己帮忙借的,自己没有获利。马某则辩称,其从来没有向许某借款,也不知道借款之事,借款流向与家庭没任何关系。

此案经安庆市大观区人民法院一审,判决马某、刘某共同承担偿还责任。马某不服提出上诉,安庆市中级人民法院二审判决,驳回上诉,维持原判。一、二审法院认为,该笔借款发生在刘某与马某夫妻关系存续期间,马某与刘某没有提供证据证明刘某与许某明确约定该债务为刘某的个人债务,也没有提供证据证明夫妻对婚姻关系存续期间的财产归各自所有的约定,因此刘某对许某所负的债务应认定为夫妻共同债务,马某应承担清偿责任。一审审理期间,马某与刘某调解离婚。

后马某向安庆市中院申请再审被驳回,又向安庆市人民检察院申请监督,该院提请安徽省检察院抗诉。安徽省检察院认为原判决认定的基本事实缺乏证据证明,适用法律确有错误,向安徽省高级人民法院提出抗诉。安徽省高院裁定提审该案。

记者了解到,薛江武作为马某申请检察院监督案件的承办人,在接手案件后,按照司法亲历性要求,对案卷进行了审查,拟定了详细的调查了解提纲,并约见了马某、刘某和许某,核实诸多案件细节。

在今天的庭审中,该案事实方面的争议焦点主要在于刘某、马某夫妻双方是否有借款合意、是否分享了借款带来的利益;法律适用方面的焦点主要在于案件涉及债务属于刘某的个人债务还是夫妻共同债务,应当适用什么法律。

薛江武围绕案件争议焦点,全面发表抗诉意见。薛江武表示,100万元的债务并未用于夫妻共同生活。经查,刘某在担任行长期间,大量从事民间借贷业务,并多次以个人名义进行担保,严重违反了银行从业人员有关职业规则,原单位与其已解除劳动关系。从款项流向看,借款未用于马某和刘某的家庭生活。自案涉借款发生到离婚期间,刘某个人外债达几千万元,无力偿还。100万元借款数额巨大,明显超出了家事代理权的范畴。

“认定100万元借款为马某与刘某夫妻共同债务,有违立法本意。”薛江武说,我国婚姻法及司法解释确立了夫妻一方举债构成共同债务必须具备“为夫妻共同生活”“为家庭共同生活”“为夫妻共同利益”等前提条件,只有具备其中一个前提条件的债务才属于夫妻共同债务,才能由夫妻共同承担偿还责任。100万元债务既未用于马某与刘某的家庭共同生活,也非刘某为夫妻共同利益之经营需要所借债务,不具备构成夫妻共同债务的前提条件,因此应认定为刘某个人债务。

薛江武指出,该案适用婚姻法(二)第二十四条以“婚姻关系是否存续”推定夫妻一方举债是否构成共同债务,忽视了现实生活中大量存在的非法举债、虚假举债等问题,容易损害举债人配偶的合法利益。刘某虽在婚内向许某借款,但其违反银行从业人员职业规则的行为,无论是从该笔借款的流向,还是该笔借款的用途考量均不是为了“共同生活”,原判认定该笔借款为夫妻共同债务显属不当。

由于该案的事实认定以及法律适用有待合议庭综合评判,没有当庭宣判。

本报合肥8月10日电

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