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香喷喷的“帽儿头饭”

2017-08-09 08:06:55   中国青年网

“老成都”都知晓,上世纪五十年代初到九十年代末,川西坝子乡镇街道的馆子,随处可见一种“帽儿头饭”。

“帽儿头饭”,当然是一种味道绵长、嚼劲醇香的米饭。成都近代乡土作家李吉力人在《大波》里有关川西坝的旧事中写道:“队长请我们到饭馆子里,每人消缴他三个帽儿头,外搭咸菜二碟,那才安逸哩!”“边防新防官代理管代吴风梧在龙泉驿一家专门招揽推车挑担人们去打尖的豆花饭铺,吃了一个半帽儿头、一碗豆花、两碟咸菜,虽然不见油荤,总算吃饱了。”这些活色生香的叙述,让人依稀可见清代、民国年间成都各州县“帽儿头饭”遍及城乡之盛况。

有文史资料记载,古时,蜀中各地经营饭店时,都将碗中干饭盛得堆尖冒热,其尖状实为圆形似草帽顶状,家家饭店如此,故民间便俗称为“帽儿头饭”。还有一说,3000多年前的古蜀王杜宇教民务农,于是有了稻米,民众便将米饭制作得种类繁多,精妙无比,并由干饭、稀饭、粉子发展至“八大碗”“九大碗”宴席中甜烧白的垫底食材。

做“帽儿头饭”是件很讲究的事情:先得选好温江、郫县等地出产的精米,用冷水冲淘,倒进锅里煮它七八分熟时便滤起来,头道米汤用瓦罐盛装,方便吃饭人喝米汤,然后舀冷水冲二道,形成的清淡米汤置蒸笼下,用煮萝卜、白菜、莲花白水菜汤之类用,用冷水冲二道米汤的目的是让饭粒变硬。蒸笼上气后,待干米饭好了,下面的汤菜也好了,店家便可站在门前扯起嗓子大声叫卖“帽儿头饭好喽”“帽儿头饭好喽”……

“人是铁,饭是钢,连吃三碗硬邦邦”,这是上世纪五六十年代的民谚,意指吃饱铁实的干饭才干得动活路。

有趣的是,“帽儿头饭”的配套设施也很讲究,一般是:案前除放置蒸笼干饭和放大、中、小三叠粗瓷碗盛饭外,还有几排小碟儿,小碟儿备着豆花、韭菜、碗豆、胡豆、大头菜丝等好下饭;买主吃二两、三两、五两“帽儿头”任你喊就是。食客中,有坐店堂吃的,有站着吃的,也有蹲着街头吃的,极为随便。那时的食客,多是府河边拉纤的纤夫和街巷上拉黄包车的车夫,以及乡镇上帮打谷物的农夫和做小生意赶路的人众。

“万城桥边多酒家,爱向谁家走谁家。”据我所知,现在的“冒儿头饭”已经很少了,除了在万里桥头开有店外,成都周边几处场镇尤其是簇桥镇,还有少许的分店。

簇桥镇有个“付记帽儿头”算是总店,店主是个六十来岁的土生土长成都人,姓付。付老板说:如今这家“帽儿头饭”店子,原是他家三层住地,谁知公路修建从门前穿过,形成店铺门面,他就与兄弟姐妹及朋友们一起经营起“帽儿头”饭店。来的食客,多半都是上了年纪的“老成都”。

前不久,我们乘车来到城南簇桥镇。未进店堂,便见老古样式的方桌条凳满店,灶前明火正旺,一胖厨师右手拿个木瓢儿舀着干饭,左手在冷水盆中取出土碗盛满。我们看到,那白生生、不软偏硬的干米饭,盛于碗中垒成“帽儿头”,状若小山。厨师的动作十分麻利,那一招一式、那乐呵呵的笑脸,让人感到说不出的亲切。

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