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科学的评价激励机制如何建立

2017-08-05 03:34:29   中国青年网

【相对论】

一流师资队伍建设是中国大学创建世界一流大学的核心要素,而科学有效的评价激励机制,则是关键环节。

针对大学作为学术创新组织的特性,上海交通大学明确了政策导向,从2007年开始,停止对教师发表SCI论文的奖励政策,淡化论文、科研项目等指标性考核,全面引入同行专家评价制度,逐步建立“代表性成果”评价机制,在科研评价中突出水平与贡献,打破科研奖励“数豆豆”的弊病,由重数量指标向重质量水平转变,推动科研创新由外延发展到内涵发展转变,积极引导教师回归教学、潜心前沿领域研究,取得了显著成效。2016年,学校17个学科位居ESI学科全球前1%;4个学科跻身全球前千分之一行列;工程学首次实现万分之一学科突破,与清华大学并列全国高校第一。截至2016年,学校的国家自然科学基金项目数已连续七年居全国第一。

按照“多元评价、多维发展”的要求,学校2010年启动分类发展改革,坚持问题导向,把考核评价机制作为改革重点环节,针对不同学科类型、岗位类型和人才成长阶段,构建科学有效的人才评价标准,建立多元化的评价指标体系,完善以教育教学能力和学术创新能力为核心的教师评价机制,完善以科技创新能力和科技服务能力为核心的专职科研人才评价机制,完善以实践操作能力和服务保障能力为核心的工程实验技术人员评价机制,设计更具发展性的人才体系,促进人力资源的优化配置。坚持院为主体,尊重学科差异,突出院系在教师科研考核评价中的主导作用,合理界定和下放职称评审权限。在分类管理的基础上,建立以水平和贡献为标准的、动态平衡的薪酬体系,不断优化人才发展的生态环境,使“多维发展”成为一流师资队伍建设的新常态,最大限度地释放教师创新活力,将创新潜能转化为服务国家战略、支撑民族复兴、造福人类发展的核心竞争力。

学校参考借鉴国际一流大学终身教职制度,率先开展了长聘教职体系改革,在提高要求、严把遴选标准的同时,为青年教师提供宽松有力的发展环境,允许获得长聘教职的教师合同签订至法定退休年龄,并辅以稳定和有竞争力的薪酬待遇,为教师提供职业安全保障,最大限度地避免了教师由于经济利益驱动造成科研工作的短期行为;以信任、尊重和依靠人才为基础,营造“鼓励创新、宽容失败”大学文化,引导和支持教师积极进取,鼓励探索,鼓励超越,倡导“十年磨一剑”的科学精神。

上海交通大学坚持“人才强校”主战略,聚焦制度激励,把考核评价机制改革作为学校综合改革的重点突破环节。从实践效果来看,能够发挥出评价激励制度的“指挥棒”作用,突破了僵化单一的量化指标考核的弊病,有效激发了各类人才的创新活力。

(作者:梁齐,系上海交通大学人力资源处处长)

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