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《奇幻科学城》揭秘静电 博士团体验人工“纸片雨”

2017-08-04 12:41:27   中国网

奇幻博士团 高压静电穿过身体会怎样?

神奇大教授 金奎娟

中国网娱乐8月4日讯 小小静电,竟然有如此大的威力,本周五晚21:15辽宁卫视《奇幻科学城》将和观众一起揭开静电的神秘面纱。人体产生的一万伏电压为何对自身无伤害?大师级画作的背后究竟隐藏着哪些神奇的魔力?来自中国科学院物理所的专家金奎娟老师担任本期神奇大教授,携手博士团和孩子王强子,带领好奇萌娃团玩转你不知道的静电世界。

气球摩擦引流水起电机能下“纸片雨”?

而生活中处处都有与静电相关的现象,博士团由此提出“经过摩擦的气球靠近水流,会发生哪种变化?”的疑问,大部分萌娃根据之前讲的静电的原理认为水流会靠近气球,博士团并没有马上公布答案,而是通过做实验来验证,发现经过摩擦的气球靠近水流,水流确实会靠近气球,金奎娟解释这是由于静电的一个特性——静电吸附产生的,实验中水流和气球属于不同的物质,它们之间摩擦起电后会产生不同的电荷,异性电荷相互吸引,就会出现携带静电的气球会吸引水流的现象。

静电的特性之一是静电吸附,为了找出它另一个特性,现场何嘉和金奎娟用起电机和碎纸屑做实验验证,碎纸屑随着起电机的打开“随风起舞”,看得现场萌娃惊叹连连,而由于同种电荷相互排斥的原理,神奇的“纸片雨”也印证了静电的另一特性——静电排斥。

手套摩擦空作画油罐运输车这样能防止爆炸?

静电不只好玩,还在生活中有重要的应用,博士团顺势提出疑问“复印机、打印机、扫描仪哪一种不是利用静电原理来完成的?”,部分萌娃认为复印机采用油墨因此没有利用静电原理,而有的萌娃则认为复印机和打印机都需要纸因而都利用了静电原理,博士团为了给萌娃呈现最直接的效果,郑毅、萌萌现场空手戴手套在白纸上作画来验证,金奎娟分析道戴上手套作画摩擦使得静电停留在白纸上,这样墨粉就会吸附在静电图像上,而现在的复印机、打印机也是这个原理,通过加热或加电的方式产生静电,然后通过正负电荷互相吸引,让墨粉吸附在静电图像上,复印就成功了。

金奎娟通过解释接触金属把手时手指被电击情况介绍了静电的一种危害——静电放电,博士团由此提出疑问“汽油易燃易爆,为了防止静电,哪种做法是正确的?”萌娃们积极开脑洞,各执一词,最后金奎娟解答说油罐运输车上拖上一条铁链是正确的,她分析是由于塑料和汽油在摩擦过程中会产生静电,静电没法释放,积累过多会通过火花放电导致汽油燃烧,因此是不能用塑料桶装汽油的;而绝缘手套在和物体摩擦时会产生静电,所以加油站禁止带绝缘手套。

科学不只是枯燥的理论解释,科学还可以很好玩。作为卫视播出的大型演播室亲子科普节目,《奇幻科学城》采用“大教授对话小少年”的形式,通过科学家的趣味讲解和现场生动的试验,将生活中迥异的科学渐次展现,给处于积极探索和认知世界阶段的孩子们打开新奇的大门,也为家长更好地对孩子进行科学教育,提供了实用的平台和知识。 《奇幻科学城》还将给观众带来哪些意想不到的趣味科学呢?让我们拭目以待。

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