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科学开发 补足短板

2017-08-04 06:34:51   中国青年网

□ 王轶辰

水电是技术成熟、运行灵活的清洁低碳可再生能源,具有防洪、供水、航运、灌溉等综合利用功能,值得大力发展。但是,当前水电开发面临生态环保压力加大,移民安置难度提高,开发经济性下降等问题。因此,未来的水电开发必须转变思路,弥补水电发展短板。

首先,随着经济社会的发展,生态文明建设的推进,对水电开发提出了更高要求;随着水电开发的不断推进和开发规模的扩大,剩余水电开发条件相对较差,面临的生态环境保护压力加大。下一步,要重视生态环境保护,坚持生态优先,科学开发水能资源,建设环境友好型工程,重视生态修复,保障水电可持续发展。

其次,我国待开发水电主要集中在西南地区,经济社会发展相对滞后,移民安置难度加大。未来要把水电发展和促进移民脱贫、增加群众资产性收益相结合,把水电发展和促进当地经济发展相结合,让地方和移民共享水电发展成果。

另外,大江大河上游河段水电工程地处偏远地区,交通条件差,输电距离远,工程建设和输电成本高,加之移民安置和环保的投入加大,水电开发的经济性变差。此外,对水电综合利用的要求越来越高,投资补助和分摊机制尚未建立,加重了水电建设的经济负担和建设成本。未来要统筹流域水电开发,推进水电基地建设,加快调节性能好的控制性水库建设;优化电源建设结构,加快抽水蓄能发展;统筹水电开发、电网建设和电力市场,增强发展协调性。

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