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英媒称致命热浪本世纪末或侵袭南亚:15亿人受影响

2017-08-04 14:31:29   中国青年网

新华社北京8月4日新媒体专电 英媒称,科研人员预言,到本世纪末,气候变化将导致南亚地区的居民在夏季遭遇致命热浪。

英国《独立报》网站8月2日报道,研究称,气温猛升将引发致命的高温和潮湿。

受热浪袭击影响最大的地区包括印度北部、孟加拉国和巴基斯坦南部,约有15亿人居住在上述地区。

近期研究表明,炎热天气最致命的影响来自高温度和高湿度的叠加。科学家利用“湿球温度”来对此进行衡量,它反映出水分蒸发的能力。

当湿球温度达到35摄氏度时,人体自主降温的能力不足以让人存活超过数小时。

在当前的气候条件下,湿球温度在地球任何地方都很少超过31摄氏度。但波斯湾地区2015年的湿球温度几乎达到这一极限值,巴基斯坦和印度当年约有3500人被热死。

这一新研究表明,如果不认真减少温室气体排放量,极端热浪会将湿球温度升至31到34.2摄氏度之间。

“这使我们接近生存临界线。温度一旦达到三十多摄氏度,情况就很严重。”研究论文作者、美国麻省理工学院的法提赫·塔希尔说。

科研人员在美国《科学进展》杂志上称,到2100年,预计印度人口中约有70%偶尔会承受32摄氏度的湿球温度,而2%的人口可能会遭遇湿球温度达到35摄氏度这一极限值的致命热浪。

塔希尔博士补充说:“由于热浪会给农业生产带来破坏,置人于死地的不只是热浪本身。农业产量会下降,因此每个人都有可能受影响。”

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