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发改委网站刊文:两个不一样的6.9%,当前这个含金量更高
2017-09-21 15:37:11 中国经济网
经济日报-中国经济网北京0月21日讯 今日,国家发改委网站刊发中国宏观经济研究院形势分析小组杜飞轮、邢伟、洪群联、金瑞庭的题为《两个不一样的6.9%:当前这个6.9%的含金量更高》的文章。文章指出,2015年全年和2017年上半年,我国国内生产总值(GDP)增长均为6.9%。总的来看,增速相同但形似神离,对应的经济结构和质量效益均存在差异,增长内涵不完全一样,当前这个6.9%的含金量更高。全文如下:
2015年全年和2017年上半年,我国国内生产总值(GDP)增长均为6.9%。两个6.9%都产生于经济新常态背景下,经济运行都处在合理区间内,但两个数据分别形成于“十二五”收官之年与供给侧结构性改革深化之年,发展条件和运行态势有所异同。前者是经济持续下行过程中市场预期较为悲观条件下形成的,更多反映出经济周期性回落、调速不失势;后者是经济企稳回升过程中市场信心增强条件下形成的,更多体现为经济恢复性反弹、量增质更优。总的来看,增速相同但形似神离,对应的经济结构和质量效益均存在差异,增长内涵不完全一样,当前这个6.9%的含金量更高。
一、二三产业结构不一样。实体经济加快向中高端迈进,产业结构不断调整优化,工业经济、服务经济占GDP的比重和对增长的贡献有所差异。前一个6.9%,产能过剩引发工业库存积压较重,工业生产萎缩,增加值增长仅6.0%,创近20年新低。服务业增长8.3%,明显快于GDP增速。工业和服务业占GDP的比重分别为34.3%和50.5%,对经济增长的贡献率分别为35.0%和53.7%。后一个6.9%,虽然去产能加快推动企业补库存,生产趋于活跃,工业增速回升,但现代物流、金融等生产性服务业加快拓展,健康养老等幸福产业和新兴服务竞相迸发,压低了工业经济的比重和贡献,服务业增加值占GDP的比重提高到54.1%,对经济增长的贡献率接近60 %。服务经济引领发展趋势更加明显,已成为经济增长的主要动力。
二、三大需求贡献不一样。扩大有效需求成效积极,需求结构不断改善优化,投资、消费、出口三驾马车对经济增长的贡献存在差异。前一个6.9%,外需不振导致出口疲软,净出口对经济增长的贡献为负,消费发挥“稳定器”功能,投资稳增长的关键作用突出,资本形成总额对经济增长的贡献为41.6%。后一个6.9%,外需内需联动,世界经济形势总体趋好,出口连续下降局面得到扭转;虽然固定资产投资增速回落到个数,但补短板带基础设施投资发力,转型升级提振制造业投资,有效投资呈稳步扩张态势;消费结构升级带动消费规模稳定扩张,个性化产品的消费需求增长迅猛,消费主引擎作用更加突显,最终消费支出对经济增长的贡献达到63.4%。政府、企业、居民三部门共同发力,三大需求趋向均衡,内需驱动经济发展特征更加明显。
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