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【喜迎十九大·文脉颂中华】这两个非遗项目为何被习主席和普京称赞?

2017-09-20 21:27:06   国际在线

央视网消息(记者 王甲铸)9月3日,国家主席习近平在厦门同俄罗斯总统普京共同参观了闽南非物质文化遗产展。厦门漆线雕、惠安石雕等传承了数百年的闽南传统工艺大放异彩,得到了两国领导人的高度评价。

两国元首为何对这些非物质文化遗产大加赞赏?9月19日,记者随着“喜迎十九大·文脉颂中华”大型网络传播活动采访团近距离感受了这两个非物质文化遗产项目的魅力。

漆线雕:13代人薪火相传的坚持

蔡水况老人为采访团记者介绍漆线雕工艺。(王甲铸 摄)

厦门漆线雕技艺形成于明末清初,至晚清逐渐成熟,是厦门传统的手工线雕技艺。它用陈年的砖粉、大漆和熟桐油等原料调和,反复舂打、手工搓成柔软而又富有韧性的的漆线,然后在涂有底漆的胚体上用漆线盘、结、绕、堆,塑造浮凸的图形。

漆线雕工艺在厦门流传300余年,蔡氏漆线雕更被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录,命名为“厦门漆线雕”。

9月3日晚上,为两国元首介绍的虽然只是蔡氏漆线雕的两位传承人王志强和蔡超荣。但实际上,这个被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录,命名为“厦门漆线雕”的技艺,在那一根根细细的金色漆线背后,缠绕着蔡氏整整13代人薪火相传的手艺,以及一次次的突破创新。

蔡氏第十二代传人蔡水况老人今年已79岁,至今从事漆线雕艺术生涯已有60多年历史。其父蔡文沛就是一位全国知名的漆线雕艺人,解放初期,只有十来岁的蔡水况在家庭的熏陶下,耳濡目染,开始苦练工艺。“文革”期间,蔡水况老人曾白天在高温的炉膛前干体力活,晚上在家里偷偷地创作。

有一天他突发奇想,何不把漆线图案设计在蛋壳、瓷瓶、瓷盘上面?而这也成就了蔡式漆线雕的一次创新:把漆线装饰从“做菩萨”中解放出来。

蔡氏第十二代传人蔡水况老人今年已79岁,至今从事漆线雕艺术生涯已有60多年历史。(王甲铸 摄)

后来,由于漆线雕一度面临市场萎缩、工艺失传的危险,年过不惑的蔡水况停薪留职,并闭门10年,探索出一种全新的漆料,并在这10年时间里创作出了12件(套)作品,前后获得国家级金奖4项,银奖5项,其中《波月洞降妖》和《还我河山》两件可谓集漆线雕工艺之大成,于1994年被中国工艺美术馆收藏。

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