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三大鲜明特征开辟政治经济学新境界

2017-08-21 06:31:38   中国经济网

把马克思主义政治经济学基本原理与习近平总书记经济建设重要论述紧密结合起来,是深入学习《习近平关于社会主义经济建设论述摘编》所必需的理论思维和方法论。我们要认真研究蕴含其中的学理体系与思想逻辑,掌握好指导和引领新时期社会主义经济建设伟大实践的这把至关重要的“总钥匙”。

恩格斯说:“一个民族要想站在科学的最高峰,就一刻也不能没有理论思维。”纵观习近平总书记关于社会主义经济建设重要论述,其突出特点就是立足马克思主义思想精髓,融通人类文明优秀成果,紧扣当今世界与中国发展的时代课题,观照未来人类共同发展命运,以有中国气派的话语体系和学理思维,为构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学不懈探索而形成的重要思想成果。其中最为鲜明的三大理论特征,就是继承性、创新性和面向未来的前瞻性,也由此开辟了政治经济学的新境界。

习近平总书记经济思想的继承性,集中体现为立足马克思主义政治经济学的基本原理,为破解当代中国经济发展中的主要矛盾,构建起标本兼治的理论指导框架

马克思主义政治经济学的一个重要命题是,在社会再生产过程中,生产、消费、分配、交换,相互影响、相互作用。其中,生产是起决定作用重要环节,决定着消费、分配和交换;但同时消费、分配和交换各环节又对生产起反作用。这是马克思在《政治经济学批判导言》中,对19世纪50年代后期西方爆发经济危机深刻总结基础上得出的重要论断。时至今日,无论对我国改革发展,还是对当今世界如何摆脱国际金融危机后遗症,仍具有重大现实意义。从那时起,西方历次经济危机一再证明其制度因素的必然性。但迄今为止,按照西方经济学通行的实证分析原理,仍将其归为边际消费倾向递减、资本边际效率递减和流动偏好规律导致的有效需求不足,而未能在生产这个起决定性作用的环节上找到解决供需资源结构性错配的治本方案。

习近平总书记深刻洞悉经济全球化背景下我国在社会主义初级阶段的经济发展实践,明确指出,当前和今后一个时期,我国经济发展面临的问题,供给和需求两侧都有,但矛盾的主要方面在供给侧。同时,他进一步强调,事实证明,我国不是需求不足,或没有需求,而是需求变了,供给的产品却没有变,质量、服务跟不上。有效供给能力不足带来大量“需求外溢”,消费能力严重外流,解决这些结构性问题,必须推进供给侧改革。

习近平总书记用当今西方经济学通用的话语体系,巧妙地以“结构性”3个字精准划清与西方供给学派学说的本质区别,聚焦深化生产环节改革这一决定因素,对西方经济学依赖减税刺激供给的僵化思维完成了理论超越。

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