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跑步不当易导致多疾病 运动前先热身可减少伤害

2017-08-17 16:41:29   中国青年网

跑步不当易导致多疾病,运动前先热身可减少伤害。

你真的会跑步吗?刊登在美国《哈佛大学报》上的一项统计数据表明,每天跑步者的受伤比例为30%~80%,严重时会导致多种疾病。

最常见“跑步伤”是因为跑步过程中重复动作和关节肌肉承受压力所致。《生命时报》综合多项研究总结出“跑出来的几种病”,并给出相应的预防指导。爱跑步的人不妨对照自查。

“跑步膝”

指跑步等运动造成的膝盖伤。典型症状是膝盖附近疼痛,长时间保持膝盖弯曲坐姿、下楼梯或者走小坡路时,膝盖疼痛更明显。但是,跑步到底会不会增加关节炎发病几率呢?

美国《纽约时报》刊登一项涉及7.5万名跑步运动员的大规模研究发现,只要一开始膝关节很健康,跑步就不会明显增加关节炎风险,有些人到中老年时仍然可以继续慢跑。慢跑者罹患关节炎的风险其实比不常活动的人群更小。   

髂胫束综合征

多发生在长跑过程中或者跑步结束后,其主要原因是,髂胫束与股骨外上髁过度摩擦,导致韧带或滑囊炎症所致。主要症状是肿胀和疼痛。   

胫前疼痛/外胫夹

该病发病位置为胫骨骨干前方或小腿内侧,病因多种,最常见原因是胫骨周围骨膜慢性炎症。

跟腱炎

跟腱炎通常是由于小腿腓肠肌和跟腱承受了太大压力所致。患者跑步之后,小腿肚子或脚后跟以上开始出现轻微疼痛。   

足底筋膜炎

该病疼痛症状最明显,病因是在负重过大、行走或跑步过程中,足底肌肉受到巨大冲击,引起局部肌肉劳损导致局部足底筋膜发炎。走路时,疼痛症状会加重,疼痛点常靠近脚后跟。

跑步导致伤病主要有两大原因:一是身体失去平衡,二是运动量过大。跑步导致的运动伤在很多情况下不容易被诊断,且脚部一旦出了问题,还容易导致膝盖、臀部和后背问题。   

建议:

跑步前先散步热身,让肌肉等身体组织为跑步做好“准备”。走路可以增强肌肉、关节和肌腱,而这些正是跑步过程中容易受伤的部位。每周还可适当增加力量训练,以增强核心肌肉群。(生命时报)

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