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科学家或找到一颗地外卫星:具体如何还待确认

2017-08-10 08:51:34   中国经济网

新浪科技讯 北京时间8月10日消息,据国外媒体报道,利用NASA的开普勒太空望远镜,天文学家已经找到了数以千计的地外行星。但要确定这些行星周围是否存在其它天体则难上加难。虽然在过去几年中、科学家发现了几颗疑似“地外卫星”的天体,但目前为止均为得到证实。不过几名哥伦比亚大学的天文学家认为,他们已经找到了一颗实打实的地外卫星,距地球约4000光年。

在对开普勒望远镜采集的数据进行反复分析后,研究人员认为他们已经掌握了这颗地外卫星存在的证据。卫星本身和海王星差不多大,围绕着一颗和木星大小相仿的行星旋转。开普勒望远镜刚好拍下了它们从恒星Kepler-1625前穿过的画面。发生这种凌日现象时,恒星射向地球的光线便会黯淡下来,因此研究人员认为此中必有玄机。接下来,他们计划借助更强大的哈勃望远镜证实自己的发现。

“在目前为止规模最大的巡天任务之后,我们近期在Kepler-1625b的光曲线中探测到了一段极可能为地外卫星的信号。”该团队在10月29日使用哈勃望远镜的申请中写道。“在开普勒望远镜记录的数据中,该行星出现了三次凌日现象,其中光线的黯淡程度似乎不仅由行星造成,而与大型卫星造成的效果一致。”

但过去的屡次失败说明,寻找地外卫星其实比听上去棘手得多。

“地外卫星很难被探测到,因为它们往往比行星小得多,因此不会影响到行星凌日时光线的变化,除非卫星有这个例子中这么大。”维拉诺瓦大学的天文学与天体物理学教授爱德华·圭南(Edward Guinan)解释道。的确,从太阳系的思维方式来看,很难想象会有海王星那么大的卫星。

但除了“找到地外卫星很酷”这一点之外,寻找地外卫星究竟意义何在呢?

“既然太阳系中有很多卫星,也许卫星在其它行星系中也很常见。哈勃望远镜的进一步观测或许能证实这一颗地外卫星的存在。”圭南指出,“发现地外卫星非常重要,因为一些卫星也许能成为潜在的移民对象。”在太阳系中,木卫二和土卫二在这方面前景喜人,因为它们都有拥有液态水、甚至支持生命存活的条件。

但愿我们这次确实找到了一颗地外卫星。谁不想找到外星人的卫星呢?而如果这次依然不如所愿,詹姆斯·韦伯望远镜这样的顶级设备迟早会带来佳音,就让我们诚心祈祷吧。(叶子)

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