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企业家曹德旺火了 中国税负真比美国高?

2016-12-22 10:12:29   张家口在线

近日,赴美投资10亿设厂的知名企业家曹德旺,公开算了一笔经济账,他详细对比了中美投资的成本和收益,结果发现美国制造更为划算,中国制造业的综合税务比美国高35%,中国仅人工成本低于美国,其他生产成本都比美国高,在美国开厂利润还高于中国。这番言论引发中国舆论热议,认为“曹德旺也跑了”。

一、曹德旺是谁?

1946年5月出生,福建省福清市人,中国最大玻璃供应商福耀玻璃集团创始人、董事长;中国第一代民营企业家,被誉为“玻璃大王”,同时因常年致力于慈善事业而获称“中国首善”。从1983年第一次捐款至今,曹德旺累计个人捐款已达80亿元。

曹德旺谈中美投资成本

二、曹德旺说了什么?

曹德旺受访时曾称企业在中国成本过高、税负重。他表示,“中国的增值税有多高?简单来说,一个卖6000块的手机,增值税大概要交1020块。美国天然气每立方相当于7毛钱人民币,中国卖2块2,这还是政府对我很优惠的前提下;电价,美国3毛钱左右,中国6毛多;高速公路,美国不收费,中国过路费一吨5毛钱。”

虽然在美国“蓝领工资价格是中国的8倍,白领工资价格是中国的2倍多”,但能源、电价便宜很多,还要加上综合税负的降低、美国州政府提供的优惠条件等,企业在美国反而能多赚百分之十几。

三、中国税负高么?

天津财经大学教授、著名税收专家李炜光提出了“死亡税率”这个说法,是指税费负担过重,已经威胁企业的生存发展。经李炜光测算,中国的企业实际税负负担率接近40%。而除了新兴行业及金融领域外,大部分的企业的利润率不到10%。这么高的税负负担可能是致命的。

近两年国家也出台了多项措施降低企业税负,比如全面推进营改增、五险一金阶段性下调等,但是减负在一些地方变了味。经济学家马光远直接把“结构性减税”斥责为骗局:“有增有减的结果就是增的多,减的少。宏观税负不断上升,减负成为一种口号。”

四、特朗普要减税,有何影响?

在特朗普竞选时,经济政策核心之一便是大规模减税。在企业所得税方面,特朗普准备将联邦企业最高所得税率由目前的35%降至15%,并提议对美国企业海外利润一次性征税10%,用于投资经济困难的州。

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