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德国大选“无聊”背后不平静

2017-09-25 07:41:54   新华网

9月24日的德国大选,被称作“最无聊的一场选举”,因为德国人正“静悄悄”地等待大选日的到来,而已经当了三届总理的默克尔仍然是他们心目中最适合当总理的那个人。

其实,“静悄悄”一词不算准确。在海德堡大学,高歌猛进的默克尔意外遭遇“西红柿袭击”。在柏林,9月24日不仅是大选日,还有一年一度的城市马拉松活动,这让柏林警方如临大敌。类似两件大事齐来的地方还有慕尼黑,9月24日是当地一年一度国际啤酒节举行的日子。当地人对《环球时报》记者开玩笑说,或许会因为畅饮而忘记去投票。

德国大选为什么不像周边国家那样热闹、喧嚣?在汉堡,默克尔、舒尔茨等主流政党代表人的竞选海报照片,通常隔两三个街区就能看到。不过路人也只能看到这些,因为没有党派人员站在街头拉票。《环球时报》记者问当地人:为什么会这样?他们说:这就是德国法律。选民想了解各政党的纲领,完全可以去它们的官网上看。

这次大选产生的是联邦议会议员,但在德国,议员参选人挨家挨户拉选票的做法很少见。在梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州的首府什未林,当地人对《环球时报》记者说,他们不喜欢被敲门声打扰,而且他们已经做出选择,谁也说服不了他们改变主意。

放眼整个德国,说大局已定或许有点早。因为在投票前,谁也不清楚全国1/3的“摇摆”选民会不会成为这场选举的“造王者”。他们虽然撼动不了默克尔的总理位置,却可以令舒尔茨所在的社民党无法成为德国第二大党(本报截稿时,出口民调显示,社民党以20%的得票率保住了第二的位置——编者注)。

欧盟智库欧洲外交协会的柏林学者弗兰克对《环球时报》记者说,整场德国大选最具看点之处就在这儿。静悄悄的大选释放出的是德国自二战结束以来前所未有的政治危机,传统政党正在丢失支持者,而右翼政党如德国“选择党”正从政治权力这块蛋糕上切下分量相当大的一块。

当然,民调显示,多数德国人对右翼政党兴趣不大,甚至是痛恨。在东北部的萨克森-安哈尔特州,当地警方发现,今年选举竞选海报被毁数量远超上届。在该州首府马格德堡,超过1200张海报被毁,其中超过800张属于德国“选择党”。在南部的巴伐利亚州,连“选择党”自己都承认,很多海报挂出不到24小时就被毁坏了。

即便如此,还是有不少人对“选择党”会如何影响德国政治持观望态度。有人调侃说,默克尔和舒尔茨的电视辩论更像是一对好邻居在聊天,因为他们的政纲实在太相近。有漫画家画出两人步入“婚姻殿堂”的漫画,暗讽德国的大联盟政府模式一成不变,令人乏味。

笃定连任总理的默克尔需要和哪个或哪几个政党合作,需要等待那些不动声色的选民最终的抉择。【记者 纪双城】

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