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联大一般性辩论今日开启 特朗普首秀令世界围观

2017-09-19 17:01:58   光明网

联大演讲台今天开启“唇枪舌剑” 特朗普首秀令世界围观

【环球时报驻联合国特派记者 殷淼 环球时报特约记者 任重柳玉鹏】当地时间19日,有“世界领导人峰会”之称的第72届联合国大会一般性辩论将在纽约联合国总部举行。除了朝核危机、气候变化、伊核问题、联合国改革等传统议题外,缅甸罗兴亚人人道主义危机也被提上议事日程,此外,美国总统特朗普首次亮相联大成为一大看点。

在中国和俄罗斯领导人确定不出席本届联大一般性辩论的情况下,首次亮相联大的美国总统特朗普将会说些什么成为各方关注的焦点。法新社称,130个国家和地区领导人齐聚纽约,但所有的目光都集中在特朗普身上。根据日程,特朗普主要出席两场活动:一是18日由美国主持召开的“联合国改革”会议;二是19日开始的联大一般性辩论。

“联合国是建立在真正崇高目标之上的,”71岁的特朗普评价72岁的联合国时说:“但近年来,由于官僚主义和管理不善,联合国没有完全发挥其潜力。”法新社称,特朗普18日的演讲围绕联合国改革展开。他警告说,作为联合国头号金主,美国希望能够获得更好的投资回报。有分析认为,特朗普希望通过减少缴纳会费或者欠缴会费来迫使联合国就范,让改革朝着美方希望的方向发展。对于美国的提议,法国和俄罗斯反应冷淡,认为美国只关心如何削减联合国经费,而非提高该机构的效率。

联大召开期间,特朗普还将与拉美国家领导人举行工作餐会,谈及委内瑞拉危机。而朝核问题、伊核协议存废、缅甸罗兴亚人危机以及气候变化等都将是各国关心的话题。

路透社18日称,伊核协议将在本届联大面临严峻考验。法国总统马克龙和以色列总理内塔尼亚胡将在联大演讲中提及伊核协议的未来,欧洲领导人试图说服特朗普不要撕毁该协议,但以色列正在四处游说,向伊朗施压。《纽约时报》18日称,特朗普和美国常驻联合国代表黑莉均试图把伊朗说成是“支持恐怖主义国家”,并表示可能放弃伊核协议。伊朗总统鲁哈尼在动身参加联大会议前警告说,如果美国就伊核协议做出错误决定,伊朗将采取强力措施应对。

缅甸罗兴亚人危机无疑是今年联大关注的热点。《纽约时报》称,包括联合国秘书长古特雷斯在内的国际社会诸多领导人强烈谴责缅甸安全部队的种种暴行,同时批评缅甸国务资政昂山素季的种种不作为。英国《独立报》18日称,昂山素季已决定不参加本届联大一般性辩论,将专注处理国内安全事务。尽管如此,世界各国领导人将如何回应罗兴亚人危机,仍会成为国际媒体关注的焦点。

最后,气候变化问题仍将是此次联大关注的重点之一。《纽约时报》称,联大召开之际,世界各地正出现灾难性的干旱、洪水和飓风,包括过去几周在美国和加勒比海地区肆虐的“哈维”和“艾玛”飓风。特朗普是否会被说服、重新考虑退出《巴黎协定》的决定?据《华尔街日报》18日报道,美国政府正考虑在适当条件下留在《巴黎协定》之内。特朗普就此将在联大会议上如何表态,全世界拭目以待。

正处于低谷的俄美关系也备受关注。俄总统普京将缺席联大,外长拉夫罗夫将代表俄罗斯在联大发言。17日晚,拉夫罗夫已经与美国国务卿蒂勒森举行非正式会晤,谈及叙利亚局势等问题。叙利亚问题正是华盛顿希望与莫斯科达成一致的主要议题之一。

根据安排,中国外交部长王毅将在21日参加联大一般性辩论,全面阐述中国对当前国际形势、重大国际和地区问题的立场和主张,表明中国愿同联合国会员国一道维护世界和平与稳定、促进发展与繁荣的坚定决心。

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