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一省布局6基地 占坑式投资后遗症咋破解

2017-09-07 10:07:19   新华网

原南北车时代过度竞争留下的“后遗症”目前在珠三角发酵。为了抢占广东轨道交通市场,各大主机厂“以投资换市场”,通过“占坑式”投资,先后布局六大制造基地,但绝大部分没有研发设计资质,低端重复投资竞争力羸弱,占地动辄百亩,浪费巨大。

当地基层干部认为,为了争上项目不计资源、不论市场,采用“占坑式”布局加剧竞争,南北车在广东的布局失误具有典型性。当前,南北车虽已合并为中国中车,但各基地产能整合裹足不前,建议以珠三角为突破口,深入推进供给侧结构性改革,加快解决全国轨道交通装备产能过剩问题。

中车公司在“首届珠江西岸先进装备制造业投资贸易洽谈会”上展示新型地面轨道交通系统 魏蒙摄

  珠三角轨道交通产能严重过剩

中车(珠海)装备工程有限公司是中车大连机车公司全资子公司,属于珠海市政府招商引资项目,占地620亩,计划分三期工程建设。目前一期工程已经建设完毕,总投资7.9亿元,产品为100%低地板现代有轨电车,年产量达100列。目前订单只有珠海1号线和北京西郊线,这两条线无法支撑如此体量的产业基地。半月谈记者走访园区看到,大部分土地处于荒废状态。

据公司相关负责人冯津国介绍,公司靠承包工程做到了当年投产当年盈利,但目前公司营业收入大幅下滑,2014年实现销售收入7.67亿元,2015年则“腰斩”至3.38亿,2016年更低至5700万元。“一期工程建成后南北车合并,因为产能过剩,二期地铁、三期城际列车就此停滞,是否重启还不清楚。”冯津国说。

作为广东省与中国中车合作引进的轨道交通项目,中车广东公司厂区规划面积1500亩,总投资约30亿元,由中车南京浦镇公司和广东省铁路建设投资集团合资成立。自2013年投产以来,已经形成CRH6型城际动车组和地铁车辆的批量生产能力,具备最高每天一辆动车组的制造能力。

由于历史原因,大股东中车南京浦镇公司没有动车组设计资质,不是中国铁路运营动车组的型号许可持有者,进而导致广东中车对动车完全没有设计变更权,无法满足多变的市场需求。广东中车相关负责人李河说:“公司一期工程目前投资达13亿元,但订单严重不足,50%的产能处于闲置状态。”

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