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我国首部核安全法将于2018年施行

2017-09-02 00:30:50   新华网

新华社北京9月1日电(记者高敬)十二届全国人大常委会第二十九次会议9月1日表决通过了《中华人民共和国核安全法》。这部将于2018年1月1日开始施行的法律,将对我国核能事业的发展、保障核安全具有重大的促进作用。

核安全法全文共八章、94条,分为总则、核设施安全、核材料和放射性废物安全、核事故应急、信息公开和公众参与、监督检查、法律责任、附则。

核安全是国家安全的重要内容。目前,我国是世界核能、核技术利用大国,核电机组在建规模位居世界第一,核安全任务非常繁重。

法律规定,核安全工作必须坚持安全第一、预防为主、责任明确、严格管理、纵深防御、独立监管、全面保障的原则。核设施营运单位对核安全负全面责任。同时明确,国家坚持从高从严建立核安全标准体系。

核安全法对核设施的选址、设计、建造、运行,核材料和放射性废物安全等,实行全过程、全链条的监管和风险防控。法律规定,国家建立核设施安全许可制度。核设施营运单位进行核设施选址、建造、运行、退役等活动,应当向国务院核安全监督管理部门申请许可。

在法律责任方面,法律不仅规定了违法的处罚金额和相应处罚措施,并提出了核损害赔偿制度。核设施营运单位应当通过投保责任保险、参加互助机制等方式,作出适当的财务保证安排,确保能够及时、有效履行核损害赔偿责任。

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