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全国人大常委会法工委:核安全法亮点在于四个“严”

2017-09-01 21:41:05   央广网

资料图 广东阳江核电站。曹双 摄

中新社北京9月1日电 (记者 马海燕 张蔚然)1日在北京闭幕的十二届全国人大常委会第二十九次会议表决通过了核安全法。在会后全国人大常委会办公厅举行的新闻发布会上,全国人大常委会法工委国家法室副主任童卫东表示,这部法律的亮点可用四个“严”来概括,即严格的标准、严密的制度、严格的监管、严厉的处罚。

关于严格的标准,童卫东说,这部法明确了从高、从严建立核安全标准体系。在立法过程中,有的意见对表述有些争议,认为标准提到从高、从严不太确切,但最后还是维持了从高、从严的表述,就是要根据科技进步和经济社会发展,不断提高核安全标准,要保障不能发生核事故。

关于严密的制度,童卫东表示,法律对核设施的选址、设计、建造、运行,核材料及相关放射性废物实行全链条监管和风险防控,不留死角,不留空白。对核设施的选址、建造、运行每一个环节都有门槛,对核材料的持有也要经过许可。

关于严格的监管,童卫东说,核安全和核工业的链条很长,涉及部门很多,既有核工业部门,也有核监督管理部门。法律明确了几家单位的责任,同时也明确建立核安全工作协调机制,形成监管的合力。

关于严厉的处罚,童卫东介绍,该法讨论过程中,有人提出要加大处罚力度,从严设计法律责任,所以在法律立法过程中也在不断提高罚款标准,增加应该受到处罚的违法行为。这部法条文94条,光法律责任就17条,罚款额最高达到500万元人民币。该法也希望通过提高罚款额度、增加违法成本,来加大企业的法律责任。

此外,关于核损害赔偿制度,该法明确了一旦发生核事故,核设施运营单位是唯一的责任主体。童卫东说,这采用的是无过错责任,即不管有没有过错,只要发生了核事故都要承担赔偿责任。只有极少的情况下,如战争、武装冲突,在其自身很难控制的情况才不承担责任。(完)

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