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掐准利益关键点 突破医改深水区——安徽医改再发力

2017-09-01 16:46:07   中国青年网

新华社合肥9月1日电 题:掐准利益关键点 突破医改深水区——安徽医改再发力

新华社记者鲍晓菁

从基层实行收支两条线到药品“带量采购”;从率先实行药品零差率到城市公立医院改革,安徽因其大刀阔斧的改革力度被誉为“医改先锋”。2015年,被确立为首批4个医改综合试点省份之一之后,安徽医改再发力,掐准关键点,突破深水区。

精心编织医保利益“链条” 带动县域医疗共同体

“医改的最终目的是让广大普通老百姓能够就近方便地享受到质量可靠的医疗及其他健康服务。”安徽省卫计委主任于德志说。

2015年起,安徽省卫计委创新设计了县域卫生服务体系“县域医疗共同体”,尝试用新农合资金的利益链条将县乡村三级医疗机构整合起来,改变医疗机构原有的业务收入模式:85.5%的新农合和城镇居民的医保基金以及基本公共卫生项目经费,按照人头预先打包支付给医共体,医共体内的成员单位负责承担居民当年的门诊和住院服务、必要的转诊以及其他医保报销,县外住院病人的报销也从医共体“包干”的医保中支出。透支由医共体成员填补亏空;结余资金经考核后由医共体县乡村三级机构原则上按6:3:1比例分配。

医共体模式成效显著:试点仅一年,住院总费用减少2.4亿元,新农合资金支出减少1.4亿元。2017年,医共体建设已扩大到66个县(市、区),占农业县市区的90%;覆盖参合人口4914万人,占参合人口的96%。2017年第一季度,62个县域医共体试点县区新农合次均住院费用总体仅上涨0.3%(近年最低)。

调动医生积极性 调节医疗服务行为

2017年8月,安徽省阜南县朱寨镇大刘村卫生室王修磊等6位村医因为不输液获得7.6万元工作经费奖励。

这项奖励缘于3年前。当时,安徽省卫计委率先在全国推出不需要输液的53种疾病清单。在保证疗效的前提下,通过这种有益的尝试逐步降低患者负担。

记者了解到,安徽将医生作为本轮综合医改的主力和核心要素,紧紧抓住如何调动医生积极性、规范诊疗行为、确保医疗质量等关键点,作出了不少有益的改革探索。

作为率先开展药品带量采购的省份,安徽省不仅做好“腾笼换鸟”,即将药品价格降下来的同时,提升医疗服务价格,进一步体现医务人员劳动价值,而且各级政府加大对公立医疗机构的投入,化解公立医院债务、保障其基础设施建设、大型设备购置等,为基层医院发展“减负”。多地还突破了医务人员薪酬不得超过医院业务总收入一定比例的“天花板”,为基层医务人员“加薪”。同时确定21个专业171个病种临床路径表单,规范诊疗流程,促进合理检查、合理用药、合理治疗,提高服务质量,控制医疗费用不合理增长。

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