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乡土文化复兴:农耕文明迎来变革新生

2017-08-14 10:29:09   新华网

4月9日,绣娘在贵州台江县秀眉广场绣织画卷。

(一)

乡村是传统文化的“源头”,是农耕文明的“载体”。

传统文化、农耕文明浸透着乡村生活的规则、意义和价值,引领着村落成员的心理、行为和关系,模塑着社会治理的理念、方式和秩序。

源远流长的乡土文化历经兴盛、波折和凋敝,却依然在乡村的大地上顽强地延续流淌,不绝如缕。

看新农村建设:从生产发展到乡风文明,从改善居住环境到提高农民素质,从实施村庄整治工程到保护乡土文化生态,新农村不仅着力物质基础建设,而且注重重新唤起村民对家园的记忆、归属和认同。

看美丽乡村建设:放眼各地,无论提升产业园、培育现代农庄,还是打造田园综合体、创建农业特色小镇,都贯串一条主线:“产业——生态——人文”一体化运行,乡土文化是其灵魂和引领。其中,在乡村旅游产业崛起中,越来越多的人带着萦绕心间的“乡愁”,纷纷踏上穿越之旅、怀乡之旅、寻梦之旅,农耕文明展示了新的魅力。

看文明村镇建设:群众性精神文明创建,传承发展优秀传统文化,践行社会主义核心价值观,为乡土文化的开发、保护、传承和创新提供了强大动力。近年来,相关部门接连开展传统村落、农业文化遗产、历史文化名村名镇等挖掘和认定工作,在修复文化断裂的同时,建构有效的文化衔接与整合机制。

中国乡村正处于一个深刻的转型时期,乡土文化也正迎来一个蓬勃的复兴阶段。

(二)

复兴中的乡土文化历史是悠久的,内涵是丰厚的,形态是多样的,生命力是坚韧的。

【村落文化】

传统村落既是村民的生活空间,也是他们的心灵家园。这里蕴藏着先人积累的生活智慧,乡土文化中的生态文明,还有根深蒂固的地域民俗文化。

历经岁月的打磨和风雨的侵蚀,村落形态还能不能保有它鲜明的特色?村落空间还能不能承载它原初的梦想?村落文化还能不能延续它厚重的生命?

保护古村落,标识着乡土社会的文化觉醒。许多地方或列入文化遗产名录,提出“拯救老屋行动”,众筹资金,守护即将逝去的乡愁;或开展乡村特色旅游项目,挖掘村落文化基因,在开发性保护中助力传统村落发展;或全面实施乡村记忆工程,通过微纪录片、深度文字解析等多种方式,留住沉睡中的历史映像和文明密码。

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