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外交部副部长:中国不接受南海仲裁案符合国际法

2016-07-07 02:51:10    新闻晨报

原标题:中国不接受南海仲裁案完全符合国际法

据新华社报道

外交部副部长刘振民在《求是》 杂志2016年第13期发表题为《中国不接受菲律宾所提南海仲裁案完全符合国际法》的文章,详细论述了仲裁庭裁决的非法性和不当性,指出菲律宾所提南海仲裁案是一场披着法律外衣的政治闹剧,中国不接受菲律宾所提南海仲裁案完全符合国际法。

仲裁庭的行为违反国际法

文章回顾说,全国人大常委会当年在批准《联合国海洋法公约》(以下简称《公约》)的同时,声明我国将与海岸相向或相邻的国家通过协商在国际法基础上按照公平原则划定各自海洋管辖权界限。我国后又根据《公约》第298条的规定向联合国秘书长提交声明,对于涉及海域划界等事项的争端,中国不接受《公约》规定的任何强制争端解决程序。

但令人遗憾的是,应菲律宾单方面请求建立的仲裁庭2015年10月底裁定对菲部分诉求拥有管辖权,并将其余仲裁事项的管辖权问题留至与案件实体问题一并审理。

文章指出,从仲裁庭关于管辖权问题的裁决及过去三年的表现看,仲裁庭的行为与裁决严重背离国际仲裁一般实践,违反了包括《公约》在内的国际法,完全背离《公约》 促进和平解决争端的宗旨,严重损害《公约》的完整性和权威性,不具有公正性和合法性。仲裁庭的所作所为说明,中国不接受、不参与菲律宾所提南海仲裁案完全符合国际法,且避免了不公正的审判。

文章通过大量例证,从四个方面详细论证了仲裁庭裁决及其行为的非法性和不当性:

一、仲裁庭扩权滥权,破坏《公约》 争端解决机制的整体性,侵犯了缔约国自主选择争端解决方式的权利。

二、仲裁庭认定事实和适用法律过程中存在严重不当。仲裁庭对中方立场断章取义,歪曲解读;仲裁庭对事实和法律的认定,前后矛盾; 仲裁庭对国际法规则的适用,充满争议。

三、仲裁庭所作所为,违背和平解决国际争端宗旨,激化了矛盾,破坏了南海和平稳定。

四、仲裁庭的组成和有关运作本身有悖程序正义的要求。

披着法律外衣的政治闹剧

一言以蔽之,菲律宾所提南海仲裁案是一场披着法律外衣的政治闹剧,既不可能改变“旧格局”,也不可能制造“新现实”。中国在南海的主权和相关权益是在长期历史过程中形成的,具有充分的历史和法理依据,为中国历届政府所坚持,受包括《公约》在内的国际法保护。一个临时拼凑的仲裁庭自始对该案没有管辖权,无论作出怎样的裁决,自然对中国没有约束力,不可能影响中国在南海的主权和相关权益。

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