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美国心脏病协会杂志》周刊刊载的一项研究显示,功能性饮料比碳酸饮料更有害健康,即便只喝一听也可能引起“威胁生命的”血压和心跳变化。
美国特拉维斯空军基地医疗中心研究人员把18名志愿者随机分成两组。一组饮用市场上可买到的32盎司(907克)功能性饮料,饮料含320毫克咖啡因、108克糖、牛磺酸、人参等;另一组作为参照组饮用等量碳酸饮料,含有等量咖啡因,另含柠檬汁、樱桃糖浆和苏打水。6天后,两组交换饮料。研究人员在志愿者喝饮料前以及喝下饮料之后的1、2、4、6和24小时检测他们的血压,借助心电图观察心跳情况。
结果显示,饮用功能性饮料的志愿者QT间期比参照组长10毫秒。QT间期指从QRS波开始至T波结束的时限,也就是心室激动的总时间。QT间期延长与室性心律失常的发生、冠心病猝死风险以及正常人群的死亡率均有直接关联。《时代》周刊网站26日援引研究人员的话报道,这种延长具有重要意义,一些能引起QT间期延长6毫秒的药物都会标注警示信息。
研究人员还发现,两组志愿者喝完饮料后,血压都有所升高,但都在正常值范围内。不过,饮用碳酸饮料的志愿者6小时后血压恢复如常,但饮用功能性饮料6小时后血压仍然偏高。研究人员认为,除咖啡因,功能性饮料中还有其他成分会改变血压。
研究人员说,越来越多证据显示,功能性饮料对心脏的影响不同于纯咖啡因饮料,“消费者应该知道,喝功能性饮料不同于喝咖啡或碳酸饮料”。
不过,研究人员承认,这项研究样本少,还需要进一步研究。(黄敏)
责任编辑:孙鑫鑫 CN066
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