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原标题:俄罗斯拟建新型核动力破冰船有助其争夺北极资源
[环球网综合报道]据香港《文汇报》12月23日报道,北冰洋资源丰富,区内多国均希望分一杯羹,但由于当地部分航道几乎全年结冰,导致油轮无法通行。俄罗斯近期公布了一项新计划,拟建造名为“领袖”(Leader)号的新型核动力破冰船,其机动性是全球同类船只中最强的,能有效打通俄罗斯北冰洋水域沿岸的北海航道,让运载30万吨液化天然气的俄罗斯油轮全年行驶,帮助增强俄罗斯在北极资源争夺战中的实力。
北方航道全长约5000公里,由西伯利亚以北的喀拉海延伸至太平洋白令海峡,由于部分航道每年仅两个月不结冰,船只难以通行,导致全面开发北极资源受限制。
俄拟建新型核动力破冰船助其争夺北极资源
俄罗斯“领袖”号建造计划由克雷洛夫国家研究中心负责,设计图现已公开。其船身主要是枣红色,运行功率达110兆瓦,能破开深4.5米的厚冰,即使以每小时29公里的速度航行,也能破开2米厚的冰层。主管国防工业的俄罗斯副总理罗戈津公布计划时表示,当局希望建造1艘主力及2艘后备破冰船,取代前苏联时代开始服役的旧式破冰船,但他未透露“领袖”号何时竣工。
在“领袖”号建成前,俄罗斯迄今最大的破冰船Arktika于今年6月下水。Arktika船身长178米、宽40米,能冲破厚3米的冰层,有助增强国防及在北极圈航行的能力。Arktika将于2017年底交付俄罗斯冰船公司Rosatomflot管理,暂未知“领袖”号是否也由它管理。
前苏联曾在1950及1960年代建造“勒拿”及“阿姆古埃马”级北极船,但因体积小及驱动力不足,这两艘船难以完成破冰任务。当局其后改变策略,把焦点放在提升船只破冰能力和运载能力上,研发专门破冰船,包括“SAS-8”北极浅水破冰船。
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