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周恩来在长征路上“病危”背后的真相

2016-06-30 14:37:50   人民网

魏国禄的回忆说明,先找来的那个量体温的医生,应该是第一个给周恩来看病的人,可能是随队的医护人员,而那个“姓戴的医生”则是戴济民大夫。毛泽东等中央领导人非常重视这件事,连相隔数百里的朱老总那儿也发了电报。后来又找了其他医生,魏国禄之所以没写进他的这本回忆录,是因为戴济民大夫提出冷敷降体温的治疗措施后,他已被派到60华里外的雪山去背冰了。

卫生部原顾问王斌这样说

笔者手头有一份中央文献研究室的几位同志于1981年9月22日访问卫生部顾问王斌的记录稿。参加的人有方明、成元功、郑淑芸、力平和李海文。这份记录稿是由郑淑芸整理,然后用旧的手动打字机打出来的。访问王斌的“访题”是:“总理在长征路上患病及在延安时从马上跌下后骨折治疗等情况”。现将有关内容摘录如下:

在我们红军时候,最厉害的有四种病,就是疥疮、疟疾、下腿溃疡和拉痢疾。那时他(指周恩来)患的就是这四种病中的一种。在毛儿盖,总理拉痢拉得很厉害,发高烧,经过化验检查在总理排的大便中发现有阿米巴原虫,从化验结果就可以诊断为阿米巴痢疾。当时邓大姐、贺诚(红军卫生部部长)都在场。我为总理看病时,那是他病比较重的时候,临床表现为高烧多天不退,白血球增高,皮肤黄染,肝肿大在右下横指,我当即怀疑他是不是阿米巴肝脓疡,触诊肝区已拖到右肠窝内,这种病在红军内见的不少,在临床也看的不少,也做过不少解剖,主要都是一个脓肿,结合化验检查及临床表现,可以确诊为阿米巴肝脓疡。作这个诊断时,邓大姐、贺诚都在场。长征途中非常困难,好在我带着一些检查或诊断用的X光机、显微镜等。还有治痢的药易米丁。由于病重(垂危状态了),我除了用易米丁药外,还请卫士同志去毛儿盖山上去挖冰,用冰冷敷,主要放在肝区。为了使炎症不继续发展,因肝脏正压在横行结肠上,所以我的战术是诱导它向下发展不向上发展,要让它按照我的计划达到穿孔排脓……

一天,卫士跑来告诉我,大便拉了好多,有多半盆,我马上去看,拉的就是该排出来的脓。我真是高兴极了,邓大姐也高兴了。我高兴地说,体温会降下来的。体温在下午真降下来啦!大姐对我说:“哎呀!真是很紧张啊!”

时间久远,记忆难免会有出入,但王斌当时是红军卫生学校校长、著名的外科大夫,肯定参加了对周恩来疾病的治疗。如果不经治疗,这种长征途中“死亡率极高”的病怎么可能自己好呢?参加这次访谈的同志很细心,在对王斌顾问访问后,又特意去北京医院访问了潘其美大夫。潘大夫说:“易米丁药是治疗阿米巴痢疾的特效药。总理患病是因用药及时,而光靠冰敷是治不好的。冰敷只能起降温作用。”

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