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监管风暴来袭 第三方支付迎大洗牌

2017-07-27 09:48:31   新华网

有媒体统计数据显示,去年央行开出罚单超过30多张,处罚金额超过1亿元人民币。综合来看,第三方支付机构被罚主要涉及违反备付金相关管理规定,比如未按规定存放和使用客户备付金,有些甚至出现挪用备付金的情况,导致失去运营资质。此外,部分支付机构违反了非金融机构支付服务管理、银行卡收单业务管理、预付卡业务管理以及相关清算管理。

“严监管”另一方面则体现在监管层对支付牌照的发放和续展更为审慎。浙江易士企业管理服务有限公司因存在大量违规挪用客户备付金、造成资金链断裂等严重问题于2015年8月24日被央行注销牌照,成为首个被注销第三方支付牌照的企业。

今年6月26日,央行发布第四批非银支付机构牌照续展结果。相比去年前三批的续展情况,本次续展要求更加严格,监管力度明显增强。违反客户备付金管理相关规定、违反银行卡收单管理规定、违反反洗钱规定以及在支付业务设施安全及风险监控方面存在重大缺陷等成为机构不被续展或注销的主要原因。

樊爽文表示,截至2017年7月,人民银行稳妥开展四批支付机构业务续展,共197家机构提交续展申请,人民银行对10家存在重大违法违规行为的机构不予续展,在续展过程中对10家机构实现合并。合并完成后,持证机构总数将由271家调减至247家。

出重拳

支付牌照违规转让遭禁止

从近年来第三方支付牌照发放情况来看,央行批设新牌照速度确实在逐年下降,2013年以后速度明显下降,2015年3月之后就没有批设新的第三方支付牌照。而2016年下半年,央行在对首批27家非银行支付机构《支付业务许可证》进行续展时就明确表示,一段时期内原则上不再批设新机构,央行将重点做好对现有机构的规范引导和风险化解工作。

随着监管趋严,支付牌照的稀缺性也越来越凸显,不少资本大佬通过并购来达到获取支付牌照的目的。支付圈COO亓新刚对《经济参考报》记者表示,作为交易最后的一环,支付的地位举足轻重。进军支付行业成为很多互联网巨头企业战略转型的关键布局。在无法获批支付牌照的情况下,牌照并购成为很多大型企业布局支付行业的唯一途径。“比如,小米公司无缘支付牌照后,通过收购捷付睿通拿到第三方支付牌照;万达集团也通过收购快钱拿下第三方支付牌照。被律师举报‘无照经营’的美团大手笔砸下数十亿收购了钱袋宝。”他举例称。据支付圈不完全统计,截至目前,支付牌照并购案例共有62例,并购价格在几百万元至几十亿元不等。

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