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中国最大火箭发射在即 直径比一般火箭大50%

2016-11-03 13:38:21   央视

比如,“胖五”用到的推力大、比冲高的120吨液氧煤油发动机,曾被外国专家认为“(中国)能设计出来,也不可能制造出来”,现在已经成为我国新一代运载火箭各个不同构型火箭共用的基础动力装置,在之前长征六号、长征七号火箭首飞任务中,都有过出色表现。再比如,“胖五”先进的“新三垂”测发模式和全三维数字化设计也都率先在长征七号上进行了成功应用。

不仅如此,长征五号还推动了我国新一代运载火箭产业化基地和海南文昌航天发射场等配套设施的建设,促进了我国相关技术领域的科技进步,为我国航天运载技术的可持续发展奠定了坚实基础。

“长征五号的研制不仅标志着长征系列火箭的升级换代,而且带动了整个研制平台和产业链的更新,对构建我国新一代无毒、无污染运载火箭的型谱发挥牵引和辐射作用,使中国运载火箭的整体技术水平向前迈进了一大步。”中国航天科技集团公司副总经理杨保华说。

更为宝贵的是,通过新一代运载火箭这样重大工程的历练,以年轻的长五研制团队为代表的新一代航天人才也成长起来。这是中国航天最大的财富。

“胖五”是中国一大批未来航天任务的基础和前提

翻开中国航天事业未来十几年的规划表,节奏更加紧张——

2017年,“天舟一号”货运飞船升空;

2017年前后,嫦娥五号实现绕月返回飞行;

预计2018年,嫦娥四号将实现在月球背面落月探测,如果成功,中国将成为到达月球背面的第一个国家;

2018年前后,发射空间站试验性核心舱;

2020年,启动火星探测;

到2020年左右,中国将建成自己的独立空间站;

力争到2020年,基本建成新一代运载火箭系统,完成长征八号的研制并实现其首飞,突破重型运载火箭工程关键技术;

到2020年前后,将建成北斗全球卫星导航系统,提供覆盖全球的高精度、高可靠的定位、导航和授时服务;

2024年国际空间站退役时,中国可能成为全球唯一拥有空间站的国家;

2025年左右,我国成为航天强国;

预计2027-2030年前后,重型火箭实现首飞……

而上述目标有些由“胖五”直接执行发射任务,有些是在新一代运载火箭的推动下实现,整个计划环环相扣。足以见得,长征五号是中国航天未来一大批重大科技专项和任务的基础和前提。

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