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山西"煤改"后遗症:七大省属煤炭企业负债1.2万亿

2016-08-12 08:09:22   环球网

2011年5月,时任山西省煤炭厅厅长的王守祯表示,山西煤炭资源整合和煤矿兼并重组基本结束,全省3年内累计关闭矿井1500个,30万吨/年以下小煤矿全部被淘汰。这一方面意味着煤炭大省山西在中国率先告别了“小煤窑”,也意味着此轮煤改正式告一段落了。

“10号文”中的高门槛在一定程度上把小煤矿挡在了门外,使得许多民营煤老板被挤出了煤炭开采领域,同时也使得即便是被大煤企兼并重组来的小煤矿也要进行升级改造。

一位在山西长期从事能源开发咨询工作的人士告诉记者,其实那一轮的资源整合对于大型煤企来说,一方面兼并小煤矿需要资金,另一方面升级改造还需要大量的资金,而这两方面所需资金数目都很大。

《证券市场周刊》在2010年报道称,当时一份资料显示,初步估算山西煤炭资源整合需要动用资金5000亿元。其中支付补偿款项约2000亿元,煤矿整改复产所需资金约3000亿元。而这些仅仅是初步估算,在整个煤改过程中的实际的投资估计远不止这些,也正是因为这些投资为后来企业巨额负债买下了隐患。

记者翻阅同煤集团2009年的财报发现,同煤集团拟将山西安顺煤矿等100座地方中小煤矿整合为38座。截至2009年末,同煤集团就已支付兼并重组款项20.1亿元,而这些还均未涉及到收购的小煤矿升级改造的投资。

上述山西从事能源开发咨询工作的人士称,很多整合过来的小煤矿因生产条件差等原因无法直接投产,需要进行升级改造,这个投资更是巨大。其称,一般这个升级改造的过程需要一、两年,每个矿的改造成本少则千万多则上亿。

不仅如此,更有甚者,个别矿在改造完成后才发现产量和质量低,开采价值小,后直接就没有运营。晋煤集团的内部人士告诉记者,2009年左右的煤改时,晋煤集团大概整合了四十多个小煤矿,但现在仅有5个煤矿改造投运了。

正因为上述多种原因,很多大型煤企并不想收购一些小煤矿。上述在山西从事能源开发咨询工作的人士称,其实那一轮的煤改很多都是政府强行“拉郎配”,大型煤企不买也得买,而小煤矿不卖也得卖。

据早前媒体的调查报道,山西省多个市、县对整合主体与被整合企业的协议签订时间和资产评估等工作进行规定,并且采用了一些行政干预等措施。在签订协议、主体进入阶段,主要领导亲自坐镇指挥,指定地点,召集各方洽谈,限定时限完成任务,对不能按时完成目标任务的,启动问责制进行问责。

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