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北京交通圈有多大?——市交通委权威解读京津冀交通一体化

2016-04-27 16:29:36   宣讲家网

七是提升区域一体化运输服务水平。

公交线网公交出京线路39条,日客运总量34万人次,同时还推进省际毗邻地区客运班线公交化改造。现在已经有三条。还有货运物流场站化建设工作,我市已将货运物流规划建设列为2016年重点工作,制定了“一规划、一方案、二项目”。京津冀联合治超工作,在北京市工作的基础上,京津冀三地建立一个秘书长联席会议,这是在北京的所有治超规划,有综合检查站,有单独的治超检查站,还有流动治超。国家实行的一地纳税之后全国通行,在这些站之外跟河北、天津地区协同,共同治理超载超限。

八是发展安全绿色可持续交通。

这项工作对未来有很高的要求,这项工作已经开始启动。一是按照交通部关于区域交通节能减排工作要求,我委主动与天津市交委和河北省交通厅、环保厅联系,深入调研并形成《京津冀区域交通节能减排战略问题和对策建议》报告,为实施区域交通节能减排工作奠定基础。二是我委编制了北京市交通环境监测网络规划初稿,并在大兴、通州、怀柔道路周边建成4个在线环境监测点,建成1个交通环境监测实验室和1个环境监测信息化平台。对于下一步掌握交通设施周边环境质量,改善大气质量,推动生态文明建设实现了初步探索。三是完成了北京市交通领域节能减排统计与监测平台建设(一期)项目并荣获中国智能交通协会科学技术一等奖。

以上八个方面是京津冀协同发展以来,规划的八个方面的工作。京津冀交通面临着一些问题。

北京交通圈有多大?——市交通委权威解读京津冀交通一体化3

三、问题及对策

下面简单跟大家介绍一下在这些工作中,未来要突破的问题。

一个京津冀特大城市的“城市病”。最重要的表现就是大城市交通拥堵日趋严重,从人口来看,北京地区对周边人口的吸引还是非常大的,我们吸引的这些人都从哪里来,交通流向问题。2015年末机动车保有量达561.9万辆,区域拥堵特征明显,很多时期拥堵已经常态化了,测大交通量之后我们取得的照片,CBD地区平时都是这个样子,西二环,还有“9.17”大拥堵。再一个拥堵反映在节假日期间,主要的高速公路进出京方向,是非常严重的。

同时空气污染矛盾更加加剧。按照国家环保部的分析,整个空气污染占比当中机动车尾气占有很大的比例,占31.1%,这是在有供暖季的时候,燃煤占的大。如果不是供暖季,可能这个比例还会占比较大。所以说交通病的治理跟环境治理改善密切相关的。

从目前京津冀地区环境状态看,全国城市空气质量最差的十个排名,除了沈阳、郑州,基本上都在京津冀地区。北京是第12名。一个是排放问题,一个受地区地理空气扩散条件所决定的,交通的拥堵、环境的改善也是我们面临的重大挑战。

第二个面临的重大挑战,还是缺乏网络化的综合交通体系。刚才公路网介绍了,但是总的公路网还不是太完善,这个网络与现在的发展还是有差距的。再一个在功能层次上,区域快速轨道发展,城市轨道网是最好的一级,市郊地铁和城际铁路还是需要加快发展的。从路网格局上看,交通功能过于集聚,呈现一个非常明显的,围绕北京呈现单中心、放射状、非均衡交通体系特点。再一个交通格局上的问题是特大城市的城市交通服务和过境交通服务,要疏解北京过境的货运交通,大城市本来还拥堵,但是怎么到天津港?基本上穿过北京,所以要修北京的环线,从北京之外绕到河北地区。四是从交通的结构上看,发展还是比较粗放。我们对比日本一些城市看,运输还是过分依赖公路,所以路上很挤,很拥堵。铁路、水运、航空占比在京津冀地区比较低,跟日本城市比还是有比较大的差异。从城市范围来看,小汽车出行比较还是过高。北京小汽车保有量并不是世界上大城市里最高的,但是小客车使用强度非常大,在出行比例中,我们依靠公交,依靠绿色出行比较少。

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