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全面营改增政策有望全国两会亮相 突破点在抵税方面

2016-02-25 15:08:59   中国网

中国证券报记者获悉,全面推进“营业税改征增值税”的相关政策有望在“两会”期间亮相,并于上半年推出,预计下半年开始实施。政策的突破应该主要体现在进项税抵扣方面。

相关方案已较完善

2015年底,财政部部长楼继伟在全国财政工作会议上表示,2016年将全面推开营改增改革,将建筑业、房地产业、金融业和生活服务业纳入试点范围。

国务院总理李克强1月22日在主持召开的座谈会上提出,今年将全面推开营改增,加快财税体制改革,进一步显着减轻企业税负,且增值税分享比例要在全面推开营改增后做合理适度调整,增强地方财政造血功能。

财政部税政司司长王建凡日前在国新办新闻发布会上表示,包括金融行业在内的剩余四大行业“营改增”方案,财政部正按照国务院统一部署进行研究和完善,经过一定的决策程序之后,这些方案将适时推出。目前,交通运输业、邮政业、电信业和部分现代服务业试点“营改增”已经在全国推开。

业内人士认为,至今已4年的“营业税改征增值税”改革试点,或将在“十三五”开局之年全面收官,营业税或将退出历史舞台。

中金公司首席经济学家梁红认为,房地产行业的营改增改革事关全局,不仅对房地产行业本身有重大影响,对其他行业也有较大影响。其他行业可以对所购买的物业进行进项税收的扣除,从而减轻税负。预计房地产行业的增值税税率预计从目前5%的营业税改为11%的增值税。房地产行业的增值税改革将会允许对土地出让金进行抵扣。

梁红预计,金融业的增值税税率将设定在6%,并允许对购买的办公楼或房租、机器设备等投资进行增值税的抵扣,以便达到减轻其税负的改革要求。

梁红称,生活服务业的增值税率预计采取简易方式,按照6%的税率征收。生活服务业多数是中小型甚至微型企业,与居民生活息息相关,目前按照6%以下的税率征收营业税,从节省税收征管成本的角度考虑,预计生活服务业的营改增改革将实行简易方式,税基不变,按照6%的税率征收增值税。对一些小规模纳税人,不排除实行3%税率的可能。

仍存不少难点

业内人士表示,由于剩下四大行业实现营改增任务艰巨,在2015年官方对营改增的措辞也由“力争全面完成”变为“抓紧推进”,再到后来的“适时纳入”。不断微调的措施折射出了营改增推进的艰难。因此,全面实现营改增未能在2015年实现。

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