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中石油重整“昆仑系” 独占七成国内天然气市场

2016-01-10 08:49:15   中国经营报

一位昆仑能源工作人员告诉记者,三者当时是独立审计核算的公司,相互之间都较着一股劲儿,各地有些业务交叉很正常。为此,中石油层面也曾多次出面协调。此前昆仑利用已被昆仑燃气收编,事实上成为昆仑燃气的华南分公司。

摆脱困境良方?

中石油迅速整合旗下天然气业务,折射的是近年来天然气特别是CNG业务困境。

经济形势和需求低迷,天然气进口亏损。2015年11月18日,国家发改委下调非居民用气最高门站价格700元/千立方米,又为天然气业务蒙上一层阴影。

花旗银行分析指出,虽然收购对昆仑能源有好处,但其他业务仍拖累其发展。预期昆仑能源的LNG车业务亏损将会增加,利息支出会上升约7.5亿元,因为公司新LNG项目开始投产。外汇贬值及LNG项目低使用率亦不利于昆仑能源。

卓创资讯提供信息显示,车用天然气市场的两大板块LNG、CNG推广发展程度不一,国内LNG加气站有2500座左右,LNG车有19万辆左右;目前全国有3500座CNG加气站,有200万辆以上的天然气出租车和改装私家车。

LNG业务、CNG业务受持续低迷油价影响,需求增速明显放缓,并且国内经济正处于下行趋势,在一定程度上抑制了对天然气的需求。

此前,昆仑燃气先后出售旗下甘肃、河南等地非盈利业务,选择性收缩早已有之。

除此之外,中石油还宣布了在天然气领域的多项措施。以150亿~155亿元价格出售中亚天然气管道50%股权,转让新疆呼图壁等6座天然气储气库剩余天然气储量资产。随后,2015年12月24日中石油将旗下的管道业务整合,公司对东部管道、管道联合及西北联合进行收购,建立统一的管道资产管理运营及投融资平台,包括宝钢、雅戈尔等都参与其中。

“当前中石油负债率高企,出售整合不盈利业务,回笼资金达到国资委设定的利润目标是一方面考虑,但更重要的是中石油有意退出一些天然气业务领域,顺应政府放开市场要求,表明中石油改革和让利于民的决心。”上述昆仑能源人士说。

2015年9月,在正式公布的《关于深化国有企业改革的指导意见》中明确指出,对自然垄断行业,要根据不同行业特点实行网运分开、放开竞争性业务、促进公共资源配置市场化。新一轮油气改革核心就是上游放开和管网分离。

对此,业内预计,中石油后续还将展开一系列管道板块重组和权益出让,此次资产转让预计是整个计划的一部分,管网独立是进入深水区改革的重要一步。“中游管网独立应是油气体制改革的突破点,第三方公平准入需要管道独立的配合,所以还是要全产业链协同推进改革。同时要吸引多家公司介入,才能展开有序竞争。”孙阳建议,应向发达国家学习,管网公司不得从事天然气销售业务。

而面对国际油价大幅下跌和国内油气市场需求低迷带来的冲击,许多石油公司正面临着业绩大幅下滑的挑战。正因如此,通过开源节流降本增效、主动适应“低油价”新常态,成为石油公司的必然选择。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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