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今冬气荒仍存 “两桶油”备粮812亿方保供

2016-12-22 09:20:29   

原标题:今冬气荒仍存 “两桶油”备粮812亿方保供

12月21日,《经济参考报》记者从中石油“冬供2016”新闻发布会上获悉,尽管天然气总体需求量增长趋缓,但冬季供需矛盾加剧,今冬明春中石油调动全球资源保供,准备天然气资源712亿方,同比增加40亿方。同时,10个储气库群和3个LNG接收站的调峰能力将达到1.81亿方。

当日,中石化也宣布计划今冬明春销售天然气99.94亿立方米,同比增幅27%。

值得注意的是,当前气价倒挂问题仍存。“我们卖给用户的平均气价1.7元/方,而平均采购成本在1.9元/方,中间差了2毛多。”中石油天然气与管道公司副总经理梁鹏说。以此估算,712亿方天然气的亏损额将达到142亿元。

中石油新闻发言人曲广学介绍,2013年开始,受经济发展新常态和低油价等因素影响,我国全社会用气需求减少,2015年的增速只有3%,预计2016-2017年增速6%-7%左右。但由于总体用气规模和冬季居民采暖用气增加,用气峰谷差连年走高,高月日均用气量与低月日均用气量的比值,由2010年的1.36倍提高到目前的1.8倍,北京市冬季最高月用气量更是达到夏季最低月用气量的6-8倍。

除此之外,今冬天然气供给面临更多的不确定性。一是气温变化具有不确定性。受厄尔尼诺现象影响,低温极值天气增多,北京今年提前5天达到了日天然气供给量超过1亿方。与此同时,来自中亚管道的天然气可能因为途经国家的用气量增加而减少,而在寒冷天气下,长时间超负荷运行的设备也可能出现不能正常运行的情况。即便气田本身,也存在受地层压力的变化而无法生产足够的天然气的不确定性。

中国石油的天然气产量约占中国天然气产量的71%,是国内最大的天然气供应商。为保证冬季用气,中石油加大国内气田冬季产量保证供应,同时通过储气库采气、LNG作为调峰。同时,加大引进境外天然气资源的力度。

另据了解,中石化也采取多项有效措施,综合提升冬季保供能力。一是协调上游气田满负荷生产,其中川气东送地区日产能力增至4000万方,华北地区日产能力增至980万方。二是根据市场需求尽量增加进口LNG资源安排,今年12月到明年2月共21船。三是入冬前确保储气库满库容及LNG接收站储罐高液位状态。四是全力加快天津管道、新中开线及川气东送增压工程等项目的施工进度,力争年底前全部投产。五是与各地充分结合,做好应急销售预案,增强管网稳定性,提高输气效率。六是优化日常生产运行管理,合理安排储气库注采气计划,确保重点设备和重要调峰设施冬季期间的平稳运行。

(责编:孙博洋、夏晓伦)

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