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养老金个人账户空账超3.5万亿 每年增加数千万

2016-01-07 06:30:23    第一财经日报

然而,“做空”的建议并没有被决策层最终采纳。目前分析,原因有二,一是“做空”相当于将当代政府的责任推给了未来政府,二是“做空”在一定程度上是养老保险的私有化,将大大削弱养老保险失去社会共济功能。

个人账户待剥离?

个人账户的取舍并不是第一次摆在决策者面前。早在2000年,全国统一的“统账结合”制度运行两年多之后,时任国务院总理的朱镕基就开始交代有关部门研究是否取消个人账户。

虽然“怎么分”还存在很大的争议,但“统账分离”已经成为一些专家学者的主流意见。与学界不同,决策部门在个人账户的未来走向还没有做出明确的表态。

南京财经大学公共管理学院教授林治芬认为,职工养老保险个人账户从社会养老保险中分离出来,让参保人建立自愿性储蓄养老制度,会减少因政府干预产生的扭曲,会对多层次养老金制度的健全产生正面影响。

清华大学就业与社会保障研究中心杨燕绥建议,整合现行职工养老保险个人账户、企业年金个人账户、商业保险个人账户、消费积分转换养老金,进入国民个人养老储蓄账户(含机关事业单位),制定税收政策,委托受托人管理。

林治芬则认为,应该实行“统账分管”,即对社会统筹和个人账户这样两种性质不同且运行规律也不同的基金实行分账管理,在基金收入方分账的基础上,将养老金支出方也分开为统筹和个账各自负担。

林治芬表示,“统账分管”之后,个人账户必须“记实”。这样就可以搞清楚这些年来政府在养老金上的债务到底是多少,而不是像现在的“糊涂账”。

然而,是否能真正实现基础养老金和个人账户养老金从混账模式到分账管理,还要看全国统筹是采取“统收统支”还是“调剂金”制度。如果是后者,那么到时候个人账户能否独立,仍然是个未知数。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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