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我痛得快要死了,谁能帮帮我?

2017-09-07 14:10:41   瞭望智库

没有一个男性能够设身处地地理解,女性在分娩时遭遇的身心痛楚。一个孕妇怀胎十月、马上就要产下自己的第一个孩子,本该满怀忐忑的喜悦才对。但就在这个大功告成的当口,马茸茸却宁愿跳楼自尽。她用这种极端的方式告诉人们,有些痛苦的确是人类难以承受的。知名产科专家段涛告诉媒体,产妇感受的疼痛级别是正向分布的,大部分人感知的疼痛是可以忍受的,有小部分人生孩子是不痛的,还有一小部分人生孩子的疼痛是无法忍受的。也许,马茸茸正是最后那一小部分人,是产妇中的少数。当她的痛苦无法得到医生和家属的理解,她只能选择自我解脱。对于文明世界来说,这样的解脱,只能是一个巨大的嘲讽。

但如果把马茸茸的死完全置于一种形而上的语境中,就会减弱它的现实悲剧性。马茸茸两次走出分娩中心寻求帮助,最终还是没能剖腹产,原因究竟何在?什么样的力量扭结在一起,迫使马茸茸必须独自忍受痛楚?任何简单的归因,都很难令人信服。

对于产妇家属而言,顺产肯定是最优选择。经济花费比较少,怀第二胎也更方便。如果没有意识到问题的严重性,坚持顺产也算得上“人之常情”。但医院为什么也更支持顺产呢?其中的原因或许更复杂。有媒体通过检索公开资料发现,严控剖腹产率,已经成为某些地区卫计部门的重要考核指标。如果这个月的“指标”用完了,对不起,你最好还是顺产。当事医院是否受到这种“指标”的困扰,目前还不清楚。但一个更容易看清的事实是,医院在面对马茸茸多次自诉无法忍受时,基本上采取的就是一个拖字诀。院方事后的声明其实也证明了这一点,“在产妇本人未撤回授权且未出现危及生命的紧急情况时,未获得被授权人同意,医院无权改变生产方式”。问题在于,疼痛中的产妇,怎么才能懂得“撤回授权”呢?医院准备了这种“撤回授权”的文件吗?

但医院在面对特殊情形时所表现出的迟钝,也并不能全然归咎于当值医生。由顺产变为剖腹产,其中包含了难以承担的风险。从目前的医患关系看,医生宁可事事都照着“规矩”来,也不愿根据患者的情况采取自选动作,因为一旦出现不可预料的后果,往往会给医院和个人带来巨大的麻烦。很多人都没有意识到的是,一种正常的社会关系一旦被扭曲,它往往会把每个人都置于困境之中。

很多时候,我们总觉得有些现实问题“无解”。为什么如此无力?我能想得到的原因是,我们寻找答案的方向或许就错了。再好的制度,它终归是“死的”,它总也不能覆盖现实中的每个特殊与偶然。只有执行制度的人怀有爱与悲悯,只有每个处身于制度之中的人都怀有谅解与包容,制度才能发挥它的协调、缓冲作用,而不至于沦为推卸责任的工具。我们所要寻求的,或许并不是密不透风的制度,而是价值观的统一。所有的撕裂,难道不都是价值的撕裂吗?

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