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印度后院起火廓尔喀人闹独立!“最后期限”已至

2017-08-09 07:45:51   瞭望智库

文|库叔

本文由瞭望智库综合。

1,升级

廓尔喀人与印度政府对峙很久了,他们只为一件事:独立建邦!

这团火在廓尔喀人主要聚集的西孟加拉邦大吉岭地区越烧越旺,大有燎原之势,让印度政府相当头疼。

西孟加拉邦可不是一般的邦。这次与我们对峙的印度军队所需补给,是通过锡金南边紧邻的西孟加拉邦运来的,其位置如下图所示。然而,就在印度军队幻想着要和中国掰手腕的时候,恰恰是西孟加拉邦这个他们最重要的补给线,爆发了严重内乱!

资料图:印度大吉岭骚乱

整件事情是怎样发展到“最后通牒”地步的?

*今年5月,印度西孟加拉邦的首席部长班纳吉,要求把孟加拉语纳入尼泊尔语区必修课,当地10年级以下学生必须学习。此举引发了当地讲尼泊尔语的廓尔喀人政党——廓尔喀民族解放阵线(GJM)的不满,被廓尔喀人视为“文化侵犯”,遭到严重抵制。

资料图:印度大吉岭骚乱

*6月8日,GJM的支持者开始焚烧公共财产并投掷石块,警民对峙导致至少12人受伤。在随后的一个多月内,GJM支持者开始频繁制造暴力事件、烧毁大量公共设施。印度政府不得不派军队封锁了从大吉岭地区通往锡金地区的唯一一条公路,以防止暴乱外延。

*7月9日,廓尔喀独立建邦运动支持者在新德里集会游行,要求印度军方从大吉岭地区撤军,同时主张独立建邦。

*7月20日,GJM支持者分别向税收部门以及村务委员会投掷炸弹,两间办公室最终被烧为灰烬,他们还在当地法院门口抗议,要求恢复已经中断32天的互联网服务。印度国防部一名官员称,迫于动乱的形势,驻扎的印军已经于7月18日紧急撤离大吉岭地区。

*7月29日,廓尔喀人示威者在距大吉岭15公里的苏克纳集会时遭到警察阻挠,双方发生暴力冲突,造成至少4名示威者受伤,其中一人伤势严重。也是在这天,GJM在大吉岭总部召开紧急会议,向中央政府发出了限期十天的“最后通牒”。

*7月30日是“全球集会支持廓尔喀人运动日”,当天,廓尔喀人支持者在阿里布尔杜阿尔地区举行游行集会。谋求独立建邦的廓尔喀人示威者继续与警方发生冲突,开始向警方投掷石块。冲突导致十几名GJM支持者受伤,另有5名警察受伤。

由上可见,整件事的起因看似是“文化侵犯”,廓尔喀人不从,才一步步升级到8月8日的“最后期限”。我们不禁要问:就是让廓尔喀人学个语言而已,用得着大动干戈闹独立吗?

“冰冻三尺非一日之寒”,其实,廓尔喀人争取独立建邦不是一两天了,从他们被划入西孟加拉邦的那一刻起就没有停止过!这次的“文化侵犯”也只是一个“导火索”。

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