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“三去一降一补”成效外溢显著

2017-08-21 08:42:16   光明日报

去杠杆控风险

今年4月,在四川省资阳市城东一处楼盘销售中心,返乡民工刘大伟刷了他这辈子最大的一笔款30万元,以首付四成的方式,购买了一套89平方米的商品房。像王大伟这样的农民和返乡打工者,正成为资阳商品房去库存的一股新兴力量。

早在年初,四川资阳提出目标:年底商品住房库存量下降10%。当地明确,对2017年1月1日至12月31日期间在资阳市中心城区购买商品房的购房人,给予住房每套12000元、车库每个2000元的奖励。自此,资阳成为率先推出新一轮房地产刺激计划的地区,也成为三四线楼市去库存样本。

数据显示,我国去库存效果显现,6月末全国商品房待售面积同比减少9.6%。

与此同时,企业“去杠杆”的步伐明显加快。1—5月,我国上市公司兼并重组交易金额为7107.5亿元,交易数量3086件;仅今年上半年破产受理和审结案件数量就达近3000件和2000件,有效推动了“僵尸企业”处置;各类实施机构与钢铁、煤炭、化工、装备制造等行业中70余家高负债企业达成市场化债转股协议,协议金额超过1万亿元……这些措施的落地实施不仅推动了企业杠杆率下降,而且有力促进了国企混合所有制改革,有助于建立企业负债杠杆自我约束长效机制。国家发改委相关负责人表示,当前降低企业杠杆率成效初显,债务风险得到有效控制。我国总杠杆率上升速度明显放缓,正趋于稳定。

根据国际清算银行(BIS)最新数据,截至2016年末,我国总体杠杆率为257%,同比增幅连续三个季度保持下降趋势;非金融企业杠杆率连续两个季度环比下降或持平;“信贷缺口”降至24.6%,已连续三个季度下降,显示我国潜在债务压力正趋于减轻。

政策红包增添获得感

为C919飞机提供自主研发的高空作业平台的浙江鼎力机械股份有限公司享受到了一系列降税减费的政策“红包”。“为国产大飞机贡献力量是我们的巨大荣耀,公司发展与国家政策支持密不可分,特别是减税政策给我们提供了强大支持。”浙江鼎力董事长许树根向记者介绍,该公司2016年投入研发费用3800余万元,浙江国税部门根据优惠政策为其减免了企业所得税1975万余元;2017年预计增加增值税抵扣500万元;随着后续两年10亿元投资到位,新增营改增项目抵扣税款将达5000万元以上。

降低实体经济企业成本是供给侧结构性改革的重要任务。减税、降费、降低要素成本,使企业轻装上阵,提高了竞争力,增加了经济潜在增长能力。

卸去各项成本负担后,企业效益持续改善,生产经营情况明显向好。上半年,规模以上工业企业利润同比增长22%,是6年来同期最高增速。每百元主营业务收入中的成本和费用分别为85.69元和7.29元,同比分别减少0.02元和0.35元;企业成本费用在能源原材料价格明显上涨的情况下仍同比下降,说明降成本工作取得了实效。

“现在做企业,只要合规合法就不会卡在证照上,商事制度改革,让做生意起步变得简单了。”足不出户,两天就拿到了营业执照的北京市某科技公司负责人告诉记者。从贵州的“人在干云在看”,到浙江的“最多跑一次”,各地各部门不断优化营商环境,最大限度地减少审批手续,优化服务,打造便利、惠企的平台。今年上半年全国新登记企业增长11.1%,日均新增1.6万户。

精准发力,补齐短板,既补发展短板也补制度短板。医改、教育改革、人才引进等措施不断出台落地,打造出愈来愈佳的改革大环境。

责任编辑:马丽丽 CL0938
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