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中国为南海建20座海上核电站?系为渤海油田开发

2016-07-15 07:40:57   环球网

海上浮动核电站的技术原理其实并不神秘,只是将原本建造在陆地上的核电站安装在船舶平台上。

近日有自媒体消息称,中国计划为南海岛礁建造20座海上核电站,在强化对南海地区的实际控制时,全力打通欧亚大陆和北极之间的北方海上航道。南海“仲裁”案公布裁决结果、中国严正表明在南海问题上的政策立场之际,这则消息的确振奋人心,但语焉不详、内容失真,可以说是一条“标题党”新闻。

据澎湃新闻(www.thepaper.cn)了解,中国核电界、船舶界确实正在携手推进海上核动力平台建造,中国最大的造修船集团之一中船重工也的确有先后批量建造近20座海洋核动力平台的计划,但根据中船重工719所副总工程师朱涵超此前的公开表态,这近20座海洋核动力平台针对的是“满足渤海油田的能源需求”,而非自媒体标题党所称的“中国为南海岛礁建造20座海上核电站”。

海上浮动核电站的技术原理其实并不神秘,只是将原本建造在陆地上的核电站安装在船舶平台上。但是,由于陆地和海上条件差异很大,相关的技术要求不尽相同,海上浮动核电站的设计、建造和运行都面临特殊的技术难题。这种小型的、可移动式的海上核电站将陆上核电站的缩小版安装在船舶上,既可为偏远岛屿供应安全、有效的能源供给,也可为远洋作业的海上石油、天然气开采平台提供电力、热力和淡水资源,有用电需求时将电站拉过来,不需要便可用船将电站拉走。

海洋核动力平台也并非像前述自媒体文章中所说“是中国首创技术”。其实,自上世纪50年代起,美国、苏联、日本、德国等国家就利用其成熟的核动力舰船技术,开展民用核动力船舶的研究,分别建造了多艘核动力商船和核动力破冰船。近日,世界上首座海上浮动核电站俄罗斯“罗蒙诺索夫院士(Akademik Lomonosov)”号已进入下海测试阶段,并将于2017年10月30日完成测试后正式投入使用。中国核动力平台的研发已有近50年历史,虽然已拥有多艘核动力舰船,但民用核动力船舶建造尚无先例。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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