404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
起底仲裁法庭:既不常设,亦非法庭,更无关公正
2016-07-14 07:39:00 国家人文历史
值得一提的是关于仲裁庭的越权行为,知名的案例为美国与加拿大关于东北边界划分案。由美国与加拿大所选定的仲裁委员会在仲裁结果中无视美、加两国提出的边界线,而是自行划定了第三条边界线。这被公认为是一种典型的越权行为,导致了该仲裁结果无效。这一案例充分说明仲裁应当充分尊重国家的意愿,仲裁委员会决不能无视国家的意愿,自行其是。
常设仲裁法庭与联合国国际法院不同
经过前文的论述,我们应该已经清楚地发现,常设仲裁法庭并不具有固定的人员构成、并不是法庭,其仲裁和行动均应当遵照国家的意愿,其地位在国家之下而非国家之上。常设仲裁法庭是由1899年《公约》设立的,如同根据《联合国海洋法公约》设立的位于德国汉堡的国际海洋法法庭,根据《国际刑事法院罗马规约》设立的位于海牙的国际刑事法院一样,这些由特定公约设立的国际机构并非联合国的下属机构,其只能处理特定范围内,针对特定公约所提出的特定问题,并非普遍的国际司法机构。而仲裁这一第三方解决争端的机制则介乎外交谈判和国际法判决之间,其虽然具有法律效力,但是仲裁远不及国际法院的判决来得庄重正式,仲裁在严格意义上也不是国际法裁决的一个部分,常设仲裁法庭远非国际司法机构的组成部分。
同样是在海牙和平宫办公的联合国国际法院的法律地位就远高于常设仲裁法庭,其司法神圣性也远非常设仲裁法庭可比。联合国国际法院(International Court of Justice)是联合国六大主要机构之一,是联合国最主要的司法机构。组成这一法院的15名法官任期九年。只有主权国家才能参与国际法院的相关案件,一旦主权国家同意将相关争端交由国际法院裁决,那么国际法院的判决就必须得到执行,根据《联合国宪章》第十四章,安理会被赋予了强制执行国际法院判决的权力,这充分保证了国际法院的执行力及其判决的神圣性。而联合国国际法院的前身为国际联盟下属的常设国际法院(Permanent Court of International Justice),正是由于常设国际法院于1922年的成立使得常设仲裁法庭受理案件大大降低。可见,解决国家间争端的主要司法手段早已成为了国际法院的判决,而非常设仲裁法庭的仲裁。
同时国际法委员会的《仲裁程序示范规则》中,向各国建议,如发生诸如争端是否属于仲裁义务范围发生分歧等,可向联合国国际法院提请协助或请求国际法院的裁决。可见仲裁需要受到国际法司法裁判的约束,常设国际法庭应当服从于国际法院的裁判。
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
加载更多>>
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by China
China
404 Not Found
404 Not Found
Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!
URL:
http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11156618/20160714/23049828_3.html
Server:
cms-8-251
Date:
2025/01/21 22:03:47
Powered by ChinaChina