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工企利润累计增幅年内首现“上翘”企业杠杆率下降

2017-09-28 07:32:51   

企业杠杆率明显下降

企业利润向好的同时,经济运行层面也有可喜之处。

首先,企业杠杆率明显降低。其中,国有控股企业资产负债率为61%,同比降低0.6个百分点,比7月份降低0.1个百分点。

北大光华管理学院教授颜色对《每日经济新闻》记者表示,在今年中国经济稳中向好的态势下,企业的偿债能力和去杠杆能力在增强。企业利润的向好,有利于总体的杠杆率不会进一步的攀升。

渣打银行大中华区首席经济学家丁爽曾表示,今年上半年中国经济增长态势稳健,经济没有“硬着陆”风险,这为去杠杆提供了有利条件。

对于下一步降杠杆的方式,国家发改委近日刊文称,把僵尸企业出清作为降杠杆的重要途径,使债转股成为降低企业杠杆率的一件利器,进一步支持企业兼并重组。

此外,从库存方面来看,工业产成品周转较快。8月末,规模以上工业企业产成品存货同比增长7.9%,增速比8月份主营业务收入低1.7个百分点。产成品周转天数为13.7天,同比减少0.7天。

并且,企业资金周转也在加快。8月规模以上工业企业应收账款平均回收期为37天,同比减少0.9天。

中信证券首席经济学家诸建芳表示,8月份末产成品存货累计增速已经连续4个月出现回落。由于PPI的冲高回落,预计未来“库存周期”将继续“去库存”,但是库存增速回落的幅度有限。由于工业品市场接近出清,以及全球经济的回暖,未来库存周期仍然将保持扩张状态。

在方正证券首席经济学家任泽平看来,库存继续去化,但对经济拖累有限。8月末,工业企业产成品存货同比增长7.9%,较6月下滑0.1百分点。本轮库存周期自2016年7月开始,2017年4月产成品存货增速达10.4%的峰值,补库时间短,峰值明显低于2008、2011年的24%以上和2014年的16%。

对于工业盈利改善的可持续性,海通证券认为,随着需求见顶回落、中下游利润压缩,依靠涨价维持盈利高增长的持续性存疑。

诸建芳认为,由于下半年工业企业利润基数越来越高,低基数效应不复存在,PPI涨幅也将因为基数效应随之回落,这将会导致9~12月份工业企业利润增速出现回落。

但诸建芳同时指出,由于GDP仍然将保持6.5~7.0%左右的中高速增长,工业品的产能过剩问题已经得到初步化解,未来半年至1年工业企业利润仍然将保持8~12%左右的增长。

招商宏观研究团队认为,虽然近期基建投资与民间投资走弱,房地产投资滞后回落,但目前需求结构正从投资转向消费与净出口,对投资与房产依赖小,且外需回升与消费升级具有中长期逻辑,未来工业企业利润将进入中高速增长的稳定状态。

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