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我国总杠杆率稳中趋降 下一步主攻国企降杠杆
2017-09-26 07:17:53 中国经济网
部分传统行业杠杆率仍偏高
关于下一步的工作,国家发改委提到,把国有企业降杠杆率作为主攻方向,加快完善国有企业现代治理结构,推动国有企业混合所有制改革,研究建立严格的分行业负债率警戒线管控制度,以体制机制逐步降低国有企业杠杆率。
《每日经济新闻》记者梳理发现,“分行业负债率警戒线管控制度”曾出现在8月23日的国务院常务会议中。会议要求,要抓住央企效益转降回升的有利时机,把国企降杠杆作为“去杠杆”的重中之重,做好降低央企负债率工作。这次会议还专门提到,建立严格的分行业负债率警戒线管控制度。
值得注意的是,部分传统行业杠杆率仍偏高。中钢协常务副会长顾建国近日刊文提到,目前行业的资产负债率偏高。6月末,钢协会员企业负债总额34346.48亿元,平均资产负债率70%。中钢协今年初提出用3~5年时间,使行业平均资产负债率降到60%以内。
中国企业研究院首席研究员李锦向记者表示,“钢铁行业的产能过剩和高杠杆互为表里、恶性循环,高杠杆来源于前些年盲目扩张产能,支撑产能扩张的资金又主要来自于银行贷款。当前因去产能带来钢价回升,部分钢企对(清理)高负债的重视程度不够。”
至于下一步降杠杆的方式,国家发改委提到,把僵尸企业出清作为降杠杆的重要途径,使债转股成为降低企业杠杆率的一件利器,进一步支持企业兼并重组。
李锦表示,当前国有企业兼并重组、混合所有制改革和债转股都有助于国企降杠杆,而且各有针对性。兼并重组适用于钢铁、煤炭、重型装备、电力等产能过剩且债务严重的行业,混改适用于民航、电信、铁路、军工等垄断性行业,债转股适合于负债严重但有一定发展前景的企业。
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